Metabolomic insights into variable antihistamine responses in allergic rhinitis: unveiling biomarkers for precision treatment

BackgroundThe clinical response to antihistamine therapy exhibits substantial heterogeneity among individuals with allergic rhinitis (AR). While these medications represent a cornerstone in AR management, the molecular basis underlying differential tre…

Distinct metabolomic signatures in allergic rhinitis with concurrent chronic spontaneous urticaria: an untargeted metabolomics analysis reveals novel biomarkers and pathway alterations

BackgroundAlthough allergic rhinitis (AR) and chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) share overlapping immunological pathways, their distinct clinical manifestations imply the involvement of unique underlying mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate th…

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