{"id":36582,"date":"2025-07-01T11:48:15","date_gmt":"2025-07-01T09:48:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/2025\/07\/01\/berbamine-promotes-autophagy-and-gpx4-expression-through-inducing-abundant-ros-to-restrict-hiv-1-and-mtb-coinfection-in-macrophagesxuefeng-zhou-on-28-de-june-de-2025-at-1000\/"},"modified":"2025-07-01T11:48:15","modified_gmt":"2025-07-01T09:48:15","slug":"berbamine-promotes-autophagy-and-gpx4-expression-through-inducing-abundant-ros-to-restrict-hiv-1-and-mtb-coinfection-in-macrophagesxuefeng-zhou-on-28-de-june-de-2025-at-1000","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/2025\/07\/01\/berbamine-promotes-autophagy-and-gpx4-expression-through-inducing-abundant-ros-to-restrict-hiv-1-and-mtb-coinfection-in-macrophagesxuefeng-zhou-on-28-de-june-de-2025-at-1000\/","title":{"rendered":"Berbamine promotes autophagy and GPX4 expression through inducing abundant ROS to restrict HIV-1 and Mtb coinfection in macrophages\u200bXuefeng Zhou   on 28 de June de 2025 at 10:00"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p><b>J Leukoc Biol<\/b>. 2025 Jun 23:qiaf095. doi: 10.1093\/jleuko\/qiaf095. Online ahead of print.<\/p>\n<p><b>ABSTRACT<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) co-infection poses a significant public health threat, characterized by a high mortality rate due to impaired host immune responses. In this study, we investigated the role of autophagy, primarily using macrophage cell models co-infected with HIV-1 and Mtb. Our findings indicate that HIV-1 infection or latency significantly suppresses autophagy in macrophages, thereby creating a permissive environment for the survival and replication of intracellular Mtb. Co-infection experiments demonstrated that Mtb exacerbates the autophagy suppression induced by HIV-1, further promoting bacterial proliferation. Notably, pharmacological activation of autophagy using berbamine (BBM), a natural compound, significantly reduced HIV-1 latency reactivation and decreased the intracellular Mtb burden. Colocalization of LC3 with the HIV-1 capsid protein p24 and Mtb was observed using a confocal microscope. Mechanistic investigations revealed that BBM-induced autophagy is mediated by elevated levels of cytosolic reactive oxygen species (ROS), which trigger autophagosome formation and lysosomal degradation.However, prolonged ROS elevation poses a risk of cellular damage; thus, BBM concurrently upregulates the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) to alleviate oxidative stress and maintain redox homeostasis. These findings underscore autophagy as a dual-function mechanism that restricts both viral persistence and bacterial survival during co-infection. This study highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting the crosstalk between autophagy and ROS to manage HIV-1-Mtb co-infection and suggests BBM as a promising candidate for further preclinical evaluation. These insights may inform the development of host-directed therapies aimed at improving clinical outcomes in co-infected patients.<\/p>\n<p>PMID:<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/40581081\/?utm_source=WordPress&amp;utm_medium=rss&amp;utm_content=8405628&amp;ff=20250701054814&amp;v=2.18.0.post9+e462414\">40581081<\/a> | DOI:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jleuko\/qiaf095\">10.1093\/jleuko\/qiaf095<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>J Leukoc Biol. 2025 Jun 23:qiaf095. doi: 10.1093\/jleuko\/qiaf095. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) co-infection poses a significant public health threat, characterized by a high mortality rate due to impaired host immune responses. In this study, we investigated the role of autophagy, primarily using macrophage cell &#8230; <a title=\"Berbamine promotes autophagy and GPX4 expression through inducing abundant ROS to restrict HIV-1 and Mtb coinfection in macrophages\u200bXuefeng Zhou   on 28 de June de 2025 at 10:00\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/2025\/07\/01\/berbamine-promotes-autophagy-and-gpx4-expression-through-inducing-abundant-ros-to-restrict-hiv-1-and-mtb-coinfection-in-macrophagesxuefeng-zhou-on-28-de-june-de-2025-at-1000\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Berbamine promotes autophagy and GPX4 expression through inducing abundant ROS to restrict HIV-1 and Mtb coinfection in macrophages\u200bXuefeng Zhou   on 28 de June de 2025 at 10:00\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86,42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-journal-of-leukocyte-biology","category-publicaciones"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36582","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36582"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36582\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36582"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36582"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36582"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}