{"id":38779,"date":"2025-07-23T17:47:49","date_gmt":"2025-07-23T15:47:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/2025\/07\/23\/uncovered-role-of-th9-and-il-9-in-rheumatoid-arthritis-current-status-and-future-directions-jiajie-tu\/"},"modified":"2025-07-23T17:47:49","modified_gmt":"2025-07-23T15:47:49","slug":"uncovered-role-of-th9-and-il-9-in-rheumatoid-arthritis-current-status-and-future-directions-jiajie-tu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/2025\/07\/23\/uncovered-role-of-th9-and-il-9-in-rheumatoid-arthritis-current-status-and-future-directions-jiajie-tu\/","title":{"rendered":"Uncovered role of Th9 and IL-9 in rheumatoid arthritis: Current status and future directions. Jiajie Tu"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p><b>Semin Immunol<\/b>. 2025 Jul 21;79:101979. doi: 10.1016\/j.smim.2025.101979. Online ahead of print.<\/p>\n<p><b>ABSTRACT<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Early studies on T helper (Th) 9 cells and their specific cytokine IL-9 mainly focused on the field of allergic diseases. In addition to pathological studies, IL-9 can also affect the normal development and various functions of T cells and B cells. In recent years, a series of studies have found that IL-9 may play a pathogenic role in a range of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Specifically, Th9 cells and IL-9 show abnormally high expression in peripheral blood, synovial fluid, and synovial tissue of patients with RA. Based on this, therapeutic strategies targeting IL-9, such as monoclonal antibodies, have become potential treatments for RA. However, research on Th9 and IL-9 in RA has only been conducted for less than two decades, and many issues are worth further exploration. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenic effects of Th9 and IL-9 in RA, summarizes the potential reasons for inducing abnormally high expression of Th9 and IL-9 in RA, and discusses future research directions. The existing evidence shows that Th9-derived IL-9 is a potential biomarker or therapeutic target in RA. We hope that this current review can play a bridging role and provide new ideas for the study of Th9 and IL-9 in RA.<\/p>\n<p>PMID:<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/40695159\/?utm_source=SimplePie&amp;utm_medium=rss&amp;utm_content=9009458&amp;ff=20250723114747&amp;v=2.18.0.post9+e462414\">40695159<\/a> | DOI:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.smim.2025.101979\">10.1016\/j.smim.2025.101979<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Semin Immunol. 2025 Jul 21;79:101979. doi: 10.1016\/j.smim.2025.101979. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Early studies on T helper (Th) 9 cells and their specific cytokine IL-9 mainly focused on the field of allergic diseases. In addition to pathological studies, IL-9 can also affect the normal development and various functions of T cells and B cells. In &#8230; <a title=\"Uncovered role of Th9 and IL-9 in rheumatoid arthritis: Current status and future directions. Jiajie Tu\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/2025\/07\/23\/uncovered-role-of-th9-and-il-9-in-rheumatoid-arthritis-current-status-and-future-directions-jiajie-tu\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Uncovered role of Th9 and IL-9 in rheumatoid arthritis: Current status and future directions. Jiajie Tu\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[42,110],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38779","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-publicaciones","category-seminars-in-immunology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38779","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38779"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38779\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38779"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38779"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38779"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}