{"id":51736,"date":"2025-12-26T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-12-26T11:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/2025\/12\/26\/age-related-patterns-of-type-ii-interferon-immunity-implications-for-intramacrophagic-infections-and-msmd-diagnosis-during-childhood\/"},"modified":"2025-12-26T12:00:00","modified_gmt":"2025-12-26T11:00:00","slug":"age-related-patterns-of-type-ii-interferon-immunity-implications-for-intramacrophagic-infections-and-msmd-diagnosis-during-childhood","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/2025\/12\/26\/age-related-patterns-of-type-ii-interferon-immunity-implications-for-intramacrophagic-infections-and-msmd-diagnosis-during-childhood\/","title":{"rendered":"Age-Related Patterns of Type II Interferon Immunity: Implications for Intramacrophagic Infections and MSMD Diagnosis During Childhood"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p><b>J Clin Immunol<\/b>. 2025 Dec 26. doi: 10.1007\/s10875-025-01955-2. Online ahead of print.<\/p>\n<p><b>ABSTRACT<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Type II interferon (IFN) immunity is crucial for controlling intramacrophagic infections, driven by the interaction between innate immunity (macrophage-derived IL-12) and adaptive immunity (Th-derived IFN-\u03b3). This study examines the maturation of type II IFN immunity in 55 healthy children (ages 1-18) to enable proper identification of deficiencies as part of the diagnostic evaluation of Mendelian Susceptibility to Mycobacterial Diseases (MSMD). The IL-12\/IFN-\u03b3 axis was assessed through: (1) cytokine production after mycobacterial stimulation (Luminex and ELISA for IFN-\u03b3, IL-12p70, TNF, CXCL10, IL-1RA, IL-10, IL-1\u03b2 and IL-6), (2) IFN-\u03b3R1\/R2 expression on monocytes, and (3) STAT1 phosphorylation\/dephosphorylation. T cell maturation (primary IFN-\u03b3 source) was evaluated via immunophenotyping (na\u00efve\/memory\/activated, Th1; Th2; Th17; Th1\/17; Tfh) and proliferation assays. Main findings: (1) stable expression\/production of key components of the IL-12\/IFN-\u03b3 axis (IFN-\u03b3, IL-12, TNF, IFN-\u03b3R1\/2, and STAT1 activity) across ages confirming the stability of innate immune function throughout childhood; (2) increasing responses to IFN-\u03b3 with age reflected by increased CXCL10 production, and increase in the IFN-\u03b3 counter-acting anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-1RA); and (3) progressive T cell maturation, including Th1, Th17 and Th1\/17 subsets, with significant milestones between 6 and 8.6 years, while T cell proliferative capacity remained stable. These observations highlight the stability of IL-12\/IFN-\u03b3 axis innate components with age, accompanied by enhanced downstream IFN-\u03b3 signaling, aligning with the maturation of Th cell compartment. These underscore the limited benefit of age-specific controls in the evaluation of IL-12\/IFN-\u03b3 axis in MSMD diagnosis, while emphasizing the importance of T cell maturation in the overall type II IFN immunity.<\/p>\n<p>PMID:<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/41452432\/?utm_source=SimplePie&amp;utm_medium=rss&amp;utm_campaign=journals&amp;utm_content=8102137&amp;ff=20251226141423&amp;v=2.18.0.post22+67771e2\">41452432<\/a> | DOI:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10875-025-01955-2\">10.1007\/s10875-025-01955-2<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>J Clin Immunol. 2025 Dec 26. doi: 10.1007\/s10875-025-01955-2. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Type II interferon (IFN) immunity is crucial for controlling intramacrophagic infections, driven by the interaction between innate immunity (macrophage-derived IL-12) and adaptive immunity (Th-derived IFN-\u03b3). This study examines the maturation of type II IFN immunity in 55 healthy children (ages 1-18) to &#8230; <a title=\"Age-Related Patterns of Type II Interferon Immunity: Implications for Intramacrophagic Infections and MSMD Diagnosis During Childhood\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/2025\/12\/26\/age-related-patterns-of-type-ii-interferon-immunity-implications-for-intramacrophagic-infections-and-msmd-diagnosis-during-childhood\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Age-Related Patterns of Type II Interferon Immunity: Implications for Intramacrophagic Infections and MSMD Diagnosis During Childhood\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[69,42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51736","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-journal-of-clinical-immunology","category-publicaciones"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51736","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51736"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51736\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51736"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51736"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51736"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}