{"id":57940,"date":"2026-03-10T00:59:10","date_gmt":"2026-03-09T23:59:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/2026\/03\/10\/microalgal-delivery-of-recombinant-fish-interferon-modulates-gut-microbiota-and-enhances-antiviral-immunity-in-fish\/"},"modified":"2026-03-10T00:59:10","modified_gmt":"2026-03-09T23:59:10","slug":"microalgal-delivery-of-recombinant-fish-interferon-modulates-gut-microbiota-and-enhances-antiviral-immunity-in-fish","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/2026\/03\/10\/microalgal-delivery-of-recombinant-fish-interferon-modulates-gut-microbiota-and-enhances-antiviral-immunity-in-fish\/","title":{"rendered":"Microalgal delivery of recombinant fish interferon modulates gut microbiota and enhances antiviral immunity in fish"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p><b>J Immunol<\/b>. 2026 Feb 9;215(2):vkaf304. doi: 10.1093\/jimmun\/vkaf304.<\/p>\n<p><b>ABSTRACT<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Viral infections remain a challenge to aquaculture, resulting in severe economic losses and threatening fish health worldwide. As a key immunomodulatory and antiviral factor, interferon (IFN) plays a crucial role in regulating immune responses. We constructed a high-level expression strain of recombinant interferon (Rec-IFN) using Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002, which also served as a delivery system, and evaluated its efficacy as a dietary immunostimulant in gibel carp (Carassius gibelio) and zebrafish (Danio rerio). Analysis of the intestinal microbiome indicated that the Rec-IFN diet promoted beneficial bacteria such as Cetobacterium while reducing opportunistic pathogens including Aeromonas and Vibrio in gibel carp. Notably, after Cyprinid herpesvirus-2 (CyHV-2) infection, the Rec-IFN diet enhanced microbial connectivity, helping to preserve gut microbiota function. In zebrafish, the Rec-IFN diet increased species richness and evenness, while reducing opportunistic pathogens such as Vibrio. Transcriptomic analysis revealed specific activation of the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and a reduction of immune overstimulation following infection in zebrafish. Our findings demonstrate that the Rec-IFN diet significantly enhanced the host IFN response and alleviated virus-induced damage to intestinal and immune organs, reduced viral load, and decreased mortality. This research offers a protective effect by reducing the severity of infections caused by both DNA virus (CyHV-2) and RNA virus (SVCV). It provides new insights into the application of Rec-IFN microalgae as an effective oral immunotherapeutic strategy for reducing losses from viral infections in aquaculture.<\/p>\n<p>PMID:<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/41802195\/?utm_source=SimplePie&amp;utm_medium=rss&amp;utm_content=2985117R&amp;ff=20260309195857&amp;v=2.19.0.post6+133c1fe\">41802195<\/a> | DOI:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jimmun\/vkaf304\">10.1093\/jimmun\/vkaf304<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>J Immunol. 2026 Feb 9;215(2):vkaf304. doi: 10.1093\/jimmun\/vkaf304. ABSTRACT Viral infections remain a challenge to aquaculture, resulting in severe economic losses and threatening fish health worldwide. As a key immunomodulatory and antiviral factor, interferon (IFN) plays a crucial role in regulating immune responses. We constructed a high-level expression strain of recombinant interferon (Rec-IFN) using Synechococcus sp. &#8230; <a title=\"Microalgal delivery of recombinant fish interferon modulates gut microbiota and enhances antiviral immunity in fish\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/2026\/03\/10\/microalgal-delivery-of-recombinant-fish-interferon-modulates-gut-microbiota-and-enhances-antiviral-immunity-in-fish\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Microalgal delivery of recombinant fish interferon modulates gut microbiota and enhances antiviral immunity in fish\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[42,71],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-57940","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-publicaciones","category-the-journal-of-immunology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57940","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57940"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57940\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57940"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=57940"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=57940"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}