{"id":72181,"date":"2026-08-04T12:35:22","date_gmt":"2026-08-04T10:35:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/2026\/08\/04\/cd151-identifies-a-cytotoxic-cd4-t-cell-population-enriched-in-people-with-hiv-that-later-develop-cancer\/"},"modified":"2026-08-04T12:35:22","modified_gmt":"2026-08-04T10:35:22","slug":"cd151-identifies-a-cytotoxic-cd4-t-cell-population-enriched-in-people-with-hiv-that-later-develop-cancer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/2026\/08\/04\/cd151-identifies-a-cytotoxic-cd4-t-cell-population-enriched-in-people-with-hiv-that-later-develop-cancer\/","title":{"rendered":"CD151 identifies a cytotoxic CD4 T cell population enriched in people with HIV that later develop cancer"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p><b>J Immunol<\/b>. 2026 Aug 4;215(8):vkag208. doi: 10.1093\/jimmun\/vkag208.<\/p>\n<p><b>ABSTRACT<\/b><\/p>\n<p>People with HIV (PWH) exhibit persistent immune activation despite effective antiretroviral therapy, contributing to risk of non-AIDS-associated comorbidities such as cancer. Cell populations reflecting immune remodeling trajectories preceding malignancy are poorly characterized. Using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from an adult cohort (25-65 yr), we quantified the tetraspanin CD151 on T cells in people without HIV (PWOH), PWH without documented cancer during follow-up, and PWH who subsequently developed a non-AIDS-defining cancer (PWHc), with samples collected a median of 5 yr prior to cancer diagnosis. In PWOH, CD4+CD151+ T cell frequencies increased with age, consistent with physiologic immune aging. In contrast, elevated CD4+CD151+ frequencies were observed at younger ages in both HIV-positive groups, with the typical age-associated increase attenuated. Notably, frequencies were highest in PWHc. CD151 expression was not associated with increased CD25 or CD69, indicating that expansion was not explained by generalized T cell activation. Instead, CD4+CD151+ T cells were enriched for granzyme B and localized predominantly to CD28- effector memory (CD45RA-CCR7-) compartments, consistent with a cytotoxic CD4+ (cCD4) phenotype. Single-cell RNA sequencing of 1 participant per group identified a cCD4+ transcriptional cluster enriched in the PWHc sample. Here, we report that CD151 identifies a cCD4 T cell lineage that accumulates with age in PWOH but appears prematurely expanded in virally suppressed PWH, particularly in PWHc. These findings support CD151+cCD4 T cell expansion as a feature of altered immune remodeling detectable years before cancer diagnosis, suggesting a potential role in mechanisms linking chronic immune dysregulation to malignancy risk in PWH.<\/p>\n<p>PMID:<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/42548058\/?utm_source=SimplePie&amp;utm_medium=rss&amp;utm_content=2985117R&amp;ff=20260804063522&amp;v=2.20.0.post5+40e1b98\">42548058<\/a> | DOI:<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jimmun\/vkag208\">10.1093\/jimmun\/vkag208<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>J Immunol. 2026 Aug 4;215(8):vkag208. doi: 10.1093\/jimmun\/vkag208. ABSTRACT People with HIV (PWH) exhibit persistent immune activation despite effective antiretroviral therapy, contributing to risk of non-AIDS-associated comorbidities such as cancer. Cell populations reflecting immune remodeling trajectories preceding malignancy are poorly characterized. Using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from an adult cohort (25-65 yr), we quantified the tetraspanin &#8230; <a title=\"CD151 identifies a cytotoxic CD4 T cell population enriched in people with HIV that later develop cancer\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/2026\/08\/04\/cd151-identifies-a-cytotoxic-cd4-t-cell-population-enriched-in-people-with-hiv-that-later-develop-cancer\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about CD151 identifies a cytotoxic CD4 T cell population enriched in people with HIV that later develop cancer\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[42,71],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-72181","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-publicaciones","category-the-journal-of-immunology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72181","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=72181"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/72181\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=72181"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=72181"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/inmuno.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=72181"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}