Background
Nearly half of patients with melanoma do not respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) and many develop immune-related adverse events (irAEs), often forcing treatment discontinuation, and underscoring the need to predict and monitor ou…
Background
The tumor microbiota critically shapes responses to immunotherapy; however, the mechanisms by which specific microbial species drive immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) resistance in gastric cancer (GC) remain poorly defined.
Methods
Streptoc…
Background
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has emerged as a pivotal cancer treatment by activating antitumor immunity. However, its clinical efficacy remains limited in many patients, highlighting the need for combination strategies to overco…
Background
The low response rate to immunotherapy in patients with lung adenocarcinoma is primarily due to tumor immune evasion. The tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment orchestrates this evasion, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here…
Background
Resistance to anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) treatment in gastric cancer (GC) is closely associated with an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. However, the role of neutrophils in resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy remains u…
Background
Although immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continues to demonstrate limited clinical responses, highlighting the urgent need for novel immunomodulatory strategies. Trained immunity, an emergin…
Background
Conventional antibody discovery approaches that do not account for enrichment-driven biases, such as epitope immunogenicity, PCR amplification bias, or protein expression efficiency, may result in under-representation of rare yet functional…
Background
The acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) is a major driver of immunosuppression and tumor progression in breast cancer. Although myosin VI (MYO6), an actin-dependent motor protein, is frequently upregulated in malignancies, its function in i…
Background
Cancer-associated mesothelial cells (CAMCs) are key modulators of the ovarian tumor microenvironment, contributing to tumor growth and immune evasion. Mesothelial cells (MCs) maintain peritoneal homeostasis and immune surveillance and repre…
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide and is characterized by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). While adaptive immunity contributes to tumor control, growing evidence underscores t…
