Mayo Clinic researchers and collaborators have identified a previously unrecognized way lung tumors weaken the immune system, helping explain why many patients do not respond to immunotherapy and pointing to a potential new approach to make those treat…
In the realm of medical advancements, a universal vaccine that can protect against any pathogen has long been a Holy Grail—and about as elusive as a mythological vessel. But Stanford Medicine researchers and collaborators have taken an astonishing step…
A research team investigating the use of the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes against colorectal cancer has discovered a way to build a modified version of Listeria as an oral vaccine to prime the immune system directly within the gut, where anti-tumor…
Among the most promising tools of cancer therapy, engineered immune cells known as chimeric antigen-receptor (CAR) T cells have already transformed the treatment of blood cancers. Yet, despite their promise, CAR-T cells do have their limitations. For o…
A new human study has uncovered how the body naturally turns off inflammation. Researchers found that fat-derived molecules called epoxy-oxylipins rein in immune cells that can otherwise drive chronic disease. Using a drug to boost these molecules redu…
As new infectious threats emerge worldwide, a key U.S. health agency is quietly stepping away from language tied to pandemic planning, a change some experts warn could leave Americans less protected when the next crisis hits.
Age, biological sex, and human genetic factors influence the production of antibodies during the immune response. A team of scientists from the Institut Pasteur, the CNRS and the Collège de France have shown that these factors determine not only the qu…
Dr. Vadim Jucaud’s lab at the Terasaki Institute has developed a vascularized liver tissueoid-on-a-chip (LToC) platform that recapitulates key structural, functional, and immunological features of human liver tissue, enabling the study of liver regener…
A novel study using a mouse model has found that the absence of the angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) protein during development triggers a long-lasting reprogramming of the immune system that protects against intestinal inflammation. The findings from the…
Northwestern researchers have shown that when it comes to cancer vaccines, arrangement can be just as important as ingredients. By repositioning a small fragment of an HPV protein on a DNA-based nanovaccine, the team dramatically strengthened the immun…
Researchers from the University of California, Los Angeles, have discovered that immune cells known as macrophages remain poised to fight repeat infections due to the persistent presence of signaling molecules left behind during previous infections. Th…
For patients aged 5 to 25 years, allergic conjunctivitis is associated with an increased risk for keratoconus and increased corneal diagnostic procedures, according to a study published in the February issue of Contact Lens and Anterior Eye.
by Wang, L., Yang, G., Lei, H., Zhang, Y., Li, B., Liu, M., Huang, Y., Chen, X., Tai, P., Pan, Z.
Background
Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a fatal complication of advanced cancer with limited therapeutic options and poor prognosis. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown promise in systemic disease, but intrathecal ICIs efficacy and imm…
Background
In Study 309/KEYNOTE-775 (NCT03517449), lenvatinib+pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and objective response rate (ORR) in advanced endometrial cancer (EC). We re…
Using an in vitro PBMC assay, we found that the addition of exogenous IL-21 enhances the cytotoxic potential of MAIT cells activated by 5-OP-RU. IL-21 induces STAT phosphorylation and provides co-stimulation to TCR-activated MAIT cells, selectively augmenting granzyme B and perforin expression without enhancing interferon-gamma or TNF production at 6 h. ABSTRACT Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) … Read more
Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Feb 17;99:102738. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102738. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Antimicrobial peptides and proteins (AMPs) function as molecular rheostats of host-microbe interactions and cell-intrinsic defense. Rather than being binary effectors, they act along a continuum. At basal levels, AMPs maintain harmony with the commensal members of the microbiome, and upon pathogen encounter, … Read more
BackgroundBone metastases are a frequent and clinically consequential complication of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), associated with substantial morbidity and poor survival. Whether adding radiotherapy (RT) to immune checkpoint inhibitors…
IntroductionMalignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a common complication of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), particularly in lung adenocarcinoma, and is associated with poor prognosis. A better understanding of the role of PD-1+CD8+ T cells in…
BackgroundCheckpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is a rare but potentially fatal immune-related adverse event (irAE) that can interrupt immune checkpoint blockade in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). With no validated pretreatment biomarkers and a di…
Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are typically characterized by the immune system erroneously targeting self-organs and tissues, leading to chronic inflammation and organic damage. Current therapeutic strategies, which largely focus on suppressing late-stage …
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent, lipid peroxidation-driven form of programmed cell death that plays an important role in neurodegenerative, neoplastic, and autoimmune diseases. Recent studies in Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have shown that iron metabolis…
IntroductionCeliac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals and represents a frequent but underdiagnosed cause of iron deficiency (ID). Screening for CD is recommended in unexpl…
IntroductionMesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are being evaluated as cell-based therapies for inflammatory and immune-mediated disorders. However, variability in clinical efficacy and a lack of validated potency assays have impeded regulatory appro…
BackgroundOsteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating joint disorder for which with no effective disease-modifying drugs are currently available. Liubao tea, a traditional Chinese post-fermented tea, exhibits diverse bioactivities, including anti-inflammator…
Ovarian cancer (OC), particularly high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), is among the most lethal gynecologic malignancies, with its therapeutic challenges primarily stemming from a distinctly immunosuppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). …
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a predominant cause of pneumonia, sinusitis, bacteremia, meningitis and otitis media especially in children and the elderly. The emergence of antibiotic resistance and shift towards non-vaccine serotypes has compromised the …
Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) can cause profound hypogammaglobulinemia. Conventional infection prophylaxis has utilized weight-based IVIG dosing. However, the use of flat IVIG dosing can significantly reduce IVIG utilization. We evaluated hypogammaglob…
IntroductionCreatine supplementation is widely recognized for its ergogenic effects on strength and body composition. Recent studies have explored its potential anti-inflammatory properties, particularly in exercise-induced stress and aging-related chr…
IntroductionIntrauterine adhesion (IUA) is characterized by endometrial fibrosis with partial or complete obliteration of the uterine cavity due to adhesion of the uterine wall. Currently, there is lack of effective strategies to address IUA and a stra…
BackgroundNiemann–Pick type C (NPC) is a lysosomal lipid trafficking disorder that is associated with defective autophagy and impaired bacterial clearance, potentially predisposing patients to Crohn’s disease (CD)-like granulomatous enteritis. Tumor ne…
BackgroundSchistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, driven largely by dysregulated immune responses. Natural killer (NK) cells are critical antifibrotic effectors; however, their functions are often impaired du…
The mucosal immune system represents the largest and most significant component of the immune network, providing critical defense against infectious pathogens at mucosal surfaces. Mucosal surfaces include the oronasal cavities, ocular surface, gastroin…
The recent emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 highlights the need for greater understanding of the immune evasion mechanisms used by Coronavirus (CoVs) to subvert antiviral responses. Previous global outbreaks cause…
BackgroundData on antibody dynamics and protective threshold generated by infection with Omicron subvariants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), particularly among populations that have primarily (>90%) received inactivated…
Background
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by a high relapse rate despite recent therapeutic advances. B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) and G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member D (GPRC5D) are two well-valid…
Background
Limited durability of clinical responses remains a major challenge in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T therapy. CAR-enhancers (CAR-Es), which fuse tumor antigens to interleukin (IL)-2 muteins, provide a targeted strategy to enhance CAR-T p…
Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Feb 16;99:102739. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102739. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Sjögren’s disease (SjD) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease that mainly targets saliva- and tear-producing glands. T-cells are a substantial immune cell subset involved in SjD pathogenesis, including break of tolerance toward self, and constitute a major part of tissue-resident and infiltrating … Read more
BackgroundMacrophages are dynamic immune cells whose phenotype and function are shaped by environmental cues, including inflammatory stimuli and oxidative stress. A major source of macrophage-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) is NADPH Oxidase 2 (NO…
BackgroundBioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) are widely used in cardiac surgery but are limited by structural valve deterioration (SVD). The Translink study showed that immune responses to xenogeneic glycans contribute to SVD. Hyaluronan (HA), a glycosa…
BackgroundInitially recognized for its role in hematopoiesis, Interleukin-11 (IL-11) is now understood to possess a wide spectrum of biological activities. It is involved in critical physiological processes, including immune cell differentiation, infla…
BackgroundKawasaki Disease (KD) is an acute inflammatory disease that primarily affects children. Without timely treatment, it may lead to severe cardiovascular complications. Currently, the lack of specific biomarkers complicates its early diagnosis.M…
BackgroundThe multifactorial nature of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) requires a comprehensive understanding of its diverse risk factors, including sleep disturbance. Previously, we reported decreased Rev-erbα expression in decidual stromal cells from …
Breast cancer (BC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, and a major contribution to tumor progression and resistance to therapies arise from tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor is indeed able to shape a self-permissive TME, reprogrammin…
In innate immunity, Piezo1 influences macrophage polarization, neutrophil migration, inflammation and repair. In adaptive immunity, it modulates T cell mechanosensation, immune synapse formation and B cell antigen presentation. Expressed in endometrium…
BackgroundTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by high metastatic potential and resistance to conventional therapies, representing a significant clinical challenge. Although nano albumin-bound pac…
Silicosis is an irreversible fibrotic interstitial lung disease triggered by chronic exposure to respirable crystalline silica (RCS). Currently, effective therapeutic interventions for this disease remain lacking, as existing clinical approaches are li…
BackgroundNanomaterial-based therapies have emerged as a promising approach for ulcerative colitis (UC). To systematically map the field, we performed a bibliometric analysis of research over the past 25 years, aiming to reveal knowledge evolution, cor…
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is increasingly recognized as a disorder of innate immune dysregulation within the central nervous system. The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), a microglial immunoreceptor, has emerged as a pivotal gene…
BackgroundUlcerative colitis (UC), a persistent inflammatory bowel disorder, has witnessed a gradual increase in its global incidence in recent years. This study aims to identify biomarkers linked to PANoptosis in UC, highlighting a pressing requiremen…
Bronchiectasis is a complex and heterogeneous disease, and our current understanding of its pathophysiological mechanisms remains in its infancy. Currently, few specifically approved treatments for non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis are applied globall…
Giant, ulcerated triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) presents major therapeutic challenges. We report a 39-year-old woman with a 14.3 cm ulcerated TNBC (cT4bNxM0) who developed infection after intravenous chemotherapy. To achieve rapid local control, …
IntroductionThe visual cortex exhibits remarkable experience-dependent plasticity, which can be profoundly disrupted by abnormal visual input. Form-deprivation myopia (FDM) is a well-established model for studying ocular growth; however, the specific r…
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has transformed treatment for relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies; however, limited in vivo persistence and treatment-limiting toxicities continue to constrain durable efficacy. Because T cell glyca…
Mature B-cell neoplasms constitute a biologically and clinically heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies, defined by the clonal proliferation and accumulation of monotypic mature B lymphocytes, which may involve the peripheral blood, bone marro…
Fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) has been recently identified as an emerging novel checkpoint ligand of lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) with important immunoregulatory functions. In addition to LAG-3, FGL1 also interacts with bone morphogenetic pr…
PurposeTo investigate the expression levels of enzymes and receptors of the hyaluronan (HA) pathway, including HA synthase (HAS)-2, hyaluronidase (Hyal)-1, Hyal-2, CD44 and receptor for HA-mediated motility (RHAMM) in the ocular microenvironment of pat…
BackgroundSyndrome of undifferentiated recurrent fevers (SURF) is a heterogeneous disorder characterised by recurrent fevers and autoinflammation in the absence of a confirmed molecular diagnosis of hereditary recurrent fever (HRF) and periodic fever, …
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is the leading cause of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) in China and other Asian countries. A defining immunopathological feature of hepatitis B virus-related ACLF (HBV-ACLF) is immune paralysis, which significantly incr…
With global viral emergence and increasing antiviral resistance, there is an urgent need for innovative immunomodulatory strategies. Gut microbiota modulation has gained attention as a promising therapeutic approach. Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum…
BackgroundCervical spondylosis (CS) is an age-related degenerative spinal disorder with increasing evidence linking its pathogenesis to immune aging. The genetic mechanisms connecting immune dysregulation to CS remain largely undefined.MethodsWe integr…
IntroductionRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children, and it constitutes a significant risk factor for the development of bronchiolitis and subsequent childhood asthma. The…
BackgroundIdiopathic inflammatory myopathy-associated interstitial lung disease (IIM-ILD) is a severe autoimmune condition with limited treatment options. Phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) is a key enzyme in the metabolism of cyclic adenosine monophosphate …
IntroductionColorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of global cancer mortality, with therapeutic outcomes heavily reliant on the tumor microenvironment (TME). While immunotherapy has revolutionized treatment for distinct subsets, the mechanisms…
Immune sentinel cells in vertebrates play key roles in coordinating immune responses at the organism–environment interface. We describe a system in marine bivalves that could be analogous, with immune sentinel hemocytes (ISCs) that function on the surf…
BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with chemotherapy have become an important area of clinical investigation in the gastric cancer (GC) and gastroesophageal junction cancer (GEJC). In recent years, bispecific antibody therapies have…
Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) remains a leading cause of mortality in critically ill patients and is characterized by dysregulated inflammation, immune imbalance, and alveolar–capillary barrier dysfunction. Emerging evidence suggests that circ…
Ticks secrete several molecules, including lipocalins, in their saliva during blood feeding on a vertebrate host. In this study, we provide novel evidence on the role of Ornithodoros turicata americanus tick lipocalin (Otlip) in modulating cytokine exp…
BackgroundSepsis is a life-threatening disorder characterized by multiple organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated host responses to infection. The present study aimed to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers for sepsis and elucidate their molecular…
ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the causal association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components with gout through integrated multi-dimensional methods, and reveal the genetic basis and transcriptomic characteristics of comorbidity.Metho…
J Leukoc Biol. 2026 Feb 9;118(2):qiaf174. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiaf174. ABSTRACT Neutrophils are the first responders of our innate immune system, crucial for defense against various infections. The intricate regulation of neutrophil migration is essential for neutrophil function. However, a complete mechanistic understanding is missing. We previously performed a miRNA overexpression screen and identified miR-190 as a … Read more
J Leukoc Biol. 2026 Feb 9;118(2):qiag008. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiag008. ABSTRACT Neutrophils are key first responders to both infectious and noninfectious stress, playing a pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis through tightly regulated activation states and the release of inflammatory mediators. The Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a key regulator of inflammation and … Read more
