Interferon-induced factor 16 is essential in metastatic melanoma to maintain STING levels and the immune responses upon IFN-{gamma} response pathway activation

Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICIs)-based therapies are the standard of care treatment for patients with metastatic melanoma (MM). The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway is critical in controlling immune responses to IC…

First-in-human clinical outcomes with NG-350A, an anti-CD40 expressing tumor-selective vector designed to remodel immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments

Background
Tumor-selective oncolytic viral vectors are promising anticancer therapeutics; however, challenges with dosing and potency in advanced/metastatic cancers have limited efficacy and usage. NG-350A is a next-generation blood-stable adenoviral …

SAIL66, a next generation CLDN6-targeting T-cell engager, demonstrates potent antitumor efficacy through dual binding to CD3/CD137

Background
Ovarian cancer remains a formidable challenge in oncology, necessitating innovative therapeutic approaches. Claudin-6 (CLDN6), a member of the tight junction molecule CLDN family, exhibits negligible expression in healthy tissues but displa…

Intratumoral STING agonist reverses immune evasion in PD-(L)1-refractory Merkel cell carcinoma: mechanistic insights from detailed biomarker analyses

Background
Antibodies blocking programmed death (PD)-1 or its ligand (PD-L1) have revolutionized cancer care, but many patients do not experience durable benefits. Novel treatments to stimulate antitumor immunity are needed in the PD-(L)1 refractory s…

Cancer-associated foam cells hamper protective T cell immunity and favor tumor progression in human colon carcinogenesis

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant healthcare burden worldwide, characterized by a complex interplay between obesity and chronic inflammation. While the relationship between CRC, obesity and altered lipid metabolism is not fully …

Targeted inhibition of the IL5 axis for immune checkpoint inhibitors eosinophilic-induced adverse events

Given the broad implementation of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) for cancer therapy, we encounter a variety of immune-related adverse events (irAE) including immune-related blood eosinophilia. Eosinophilia demonstrated a potential positive predict…

Inhibition of PNCK inflames tumor microenvironment and sensitizes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma to immune checkpoint inhibitors

Background
The landscape of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is intricately linked to the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and significantly influences immunotherapy efficacy. Recent research has underscored the pivotal rol…

Phase I/II study of BMS-986156 with ipilimumab or nivolumab with or without stereotactic ablative radiotherapy in patients with advanced solid malignancies

Background
BMS-986156 is an agonist of the glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-related protein (GITR) and promotes increased effector T-cell activation. Combined anti-GITR, anti-programmed death-1, anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-…

HDAC inhibitor SAHA enhances antitumor immunity via the HDAC1/JAK1/FGL1 axis in lung adenocarcinoma

Background
Histone deacetylase (HDAC), a kind of protease that regulates gene expression by modifying protein acetylation levels, is usually aberrantly activated in tumors. The approved pan-HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) have exhibited clinical benefits for …

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