Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is the most prevalent and debilitating complication of diabetes, with a notable absence of effective disease-modifying therapies in clinical practice. This article proposes a shift in the pathological progression of DN from foc…
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) has historically been framed as a disease initiated and maintained by dysregulated immunity that targets insulin producing β-cells. However, recent findings from human tissue analysis, single cell transcriptomics, and longitudinal…
Cholera has re-emerged as a major global public health threat. Orally administered attenuated or inactivated vaccines offer protection against enteric pathogens such as Vibrio cholerae, and several World Health Organization-prequalified oral cholera va…
The chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 play context-dependent roles in hair follicle biology. While recent findings suggest that regulatory T cells (Tregs) utilize the CXCL12–CXCR4 axis to modestly promote hair follicle regeneration under homeosta…
Prediabetes affects a significant portion of the global population. Shifting the clinical paradigm from delaying type 2 diabetes (T2D) to actively achieving remission offers a transformative opportunity. This perspective article posits that anti-inflam…
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains a significant global health issue, particularly in children, where the virus can lead to long-term hepatic damage and immune system dysregulation. Interferon (IFN) therapy, such as pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN), has s…
Complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) results from cell lysis induced by the membrane attack complex (MAC), a pore-forming structure assembled at the terminal stage of the complement cascade that disrupts membrane integrity and causes osmotic cell de…
Complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) results from cell lysis induced by the membrane attack complex (MAC), a pore-forming structure assembled at the terminal stage of the complement cascade that disrupts membrane integrity and causes osmotic cell de…
Osteosarcoma, the most aggressive primary malignant bone tumor, has stagnant therapeutic outcomes despite decades of standard MAP chemotherapy and surgery; 5-year overall survival (OS) is
The intestinal immune system monitors the body’s largest interface with the environment. It must prevent adverse responses to ingested material, while protecting itself from harm, constraining the inflammatory potential of gut microbiota, and detecting…
