Lingli Ma Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, immune dysregulation, and progressive multi-organ injury. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles(MSC-EVs) have emerged as cell-free mediators capable of transferring bioactive c…
Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a leading cause of blindness, is driven by hyperglycemia-induced neurovascular damage. Emerging evidence indicates that PANoptosis, an integrated inflammatory programmed cell death modality encompassing apoptosis, pyroptosis,…
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is now recognized as a multifactorial disorder, driven by the interplay of metabolic dysfunction, chronic inflammation, and immune-mediated renal injury. This review comprehensively synthesizes recent advancements in under…
