Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: spatial immune ecosystems, metabolic remodeling, and immunotherapeutic implications
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is an aggressive liver malignancy characterized by pronounced cellular, spatial, and metabolic heterogeneity. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST) are beginning to resolve this c…