Mucosa Immunology

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Dec 11:S1933-0219(25)00131-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.014. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:41381285 | DOI:10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.014

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 28:S1933-0219(25)00129-1. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.012. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Natural Killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes and key mediators of innate immunity, essential for combating viral infections and cancer. Notably, they exhibit immunological memory, generating a stronger response upon re-exposure to the same stimulus. While NK cell memory holds promise for infection … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 27:S1933-0219(25)00130-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.013. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract. It is characterised by epithelial and immunological dysfunctions, including alterations in populations of Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILCs), including tissue-resident RORγt-expressing Group 3 ILCs (ILC3s). ILC3s contribute to the maintenance of … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 22:S1933-0219(25)00128-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.011. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Germinal centres (GCs) in mucosal tissues such as the nasal associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) generate high-affinity antibodies critical for protective, and in some cases, sterilising immunity. Therefore, initiation of GCs at the respiratory mucosa is of tremendous clinical significance in the development of … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 20:S1933-0219(25)00127-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.010. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT We have previously demonstrated that the circadian clock regulates the host response to influenza A virus (IAV) infection. While IL-10 is well-known for its immunoregulatory function, its role in IAV remains unclear, with studies reporting both protective and detrimental effects. Given the diurnal … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 20:S1933-0219(25)00126-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.009. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Seminal fluid elicits an immune response in the uterine mucosa after mating that impacts embryo implantation and pregnancy, but the underlying molecular and cellular events are unclear. In this study, we report RNA sequencing to analyse the uterine response to seminal fluid after … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 19:S1933-0219(25)00121-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Airborne fungi are potent inducers of respiratory disease and cause the debilitating conditions severe asthma with fungal sensitisation (SAFS) and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). However, the immune cell types and the inflammatory airway environment that defines SAFS and ABPA patients is not extensively … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 17:S1933-0219(25)00125-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.008. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The mucosal immune system plays a fundamental role in maintaining microbial balance. Microbial imbalance in the female genital tract increases the risk for adverse health outcomes in women and may increase susceptibility to local infections. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) remain understudied in the … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 15:S1933-0219(25)00124-2. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Macrophages are crucial for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis, are considered key proinflammatory effector cells during intestinal inflammation and are implicated in tissue repair following injury or inflammation. Whether these roles are attributed to distinct subsets of macrophages or if macrophages retain a … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 13:S1933-0219(25)00123-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The major fungal allergen Alt a 1 from Alternaria alternata is linked to allergic asthma. We assessed its biological role in nutritional immunity to iron and its allergenic potential using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approaches. Alternaria was cultured with or … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 14:S1933-0219(25)00119-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.002. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:41241599 | DOI:10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.002

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 11:S1933-0219(25)00122-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Identification of pathways preventing timely recovery from acute respiratory viral infection is under-studied but essential for long-term health. Using unbiased proteomics, we reveal an unexpected, reduction in lung basement membrane proteins 21 days after influenza infection when mice had symptomatically recovered. Basement membrane … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 10:S1933-0219(25)00120-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Endometrial injury triggers inflammation responses, and persistent inflammation is a recognized cause of infertility. Emerging evidence underscores the critical role of the vagus nerve in modulating immunity. Although vagotomy is known to induce systemic inflammation, the specific mechanism by which the vagus nerve … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 4:S1933-0219(25)00117-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The placental intervillous space is a unique immunological niche where circulating maternal immune cells come into direct contact with the fetal syncytiotrophoblast. While adaptations in immune cell composition are known to occur in the maternal decidua throughout pregnancy, it remains unclear whether similar … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 2:S1933-0219(25)00115-1. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.010. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Immunological memory elicited either through previous or ongoing M. tuberculosis (Mtb) infection provides a critical mechanism by which hosts protect against re-infection and disease progression upon Mtb re-exposure. Conversely, the uneven competition between distinct Mtb strains suggest certain bacterial clades have enhanced ability … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 1:S1933-0219(25)00116-3. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.011. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Intravenous (IV) vaccination with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) mediates sterilizing immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in rhesus macaques but the cellular mechanisms underlying protection are undefined. We used mass cytometry (CyTOF) to broadly profile pulmonary immunity induced by IV BCG and observed an expansion … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Oct 24:S1933-0219(25)00113-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.008. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Radiotherapy (RT) is essential in treating abdominal and pelvic cancers but often damages the healthy tissues, particularly the intestines, leading to radiation-induced toxicities with limited treatment options. While the immune system is known to help regulate tissue damage, immune mechanisms involved in RT-induced … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Oct 26:S1933-0219(25)00114-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.009. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The immune balance in mucosal tissues depends on a delicate interplay between inflammatory T helper 17 (Th17) cells and immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs). But what happens when this balance is disturbed? In this study, we uncovered a critical role for acyl-CoA synthetase … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Oct 20:S1933-0219(25)00111-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.006. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:41120231 | DOI:10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.006

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Oct 19:S1933-0219(25)00112-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Xenobiotics and environmental factors implicated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes. Cyp2s1, an orphan member of this family, is highly expressed in the intestine, yet its role remains unclear. Here, we investigated the function of Cyp2s1 in intestinal … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Oct 15:S1933-0219(25)00107-2. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT T follicular helper cells (TFH) play a central role in orchestrating antibody mediated immunity. Despite the importance of antibody responses, especially allergen-specific IgE, in allergic airway diseases (AAD) such as asthma, the precise role TFH play in AADs has remained elusive. Using a … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Oct 9:S1933-0219(25)00105-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Acute lung injury is a common complication of pneumonia, with disease severity linked to inflammatory cell recruitment and lung barrier dysfunction. In this study, we investigate the role of neutrophil-chemoattractant CXCL5 in lung barrier function and inflammation. We examined CXCL5 in patients with … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Oct 9:S1933-0219(25)00104-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The upper airway is comprised of two distinct mucosal surface tissues, the respiratory mucosa (RM) and the olfactory mucosa (OM), both of which are constantly being exposed to airborne pathogens. The olfactory mucosa is responsible for detecting and conveying odorant information into the … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Oct 9:S1933-0219(25)00103-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Uropathogenic Escherichia coli is a common pathogen that affects the cauda epididymidis, causing interstitial edema, epithelial damage, leukocyte infiltration, and fibrosis. Despite antibiotic treatment, up to 20 % of patients develop abscesses in the cauda epididymidis, and 40 % experience low sperm counts. … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Oct 7:S1933-0219(25)00106-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) are tissue-resident lymphocytes that contribute to tissue and immune homeostasis. Alterations in ILC3 development or deficiency in their effector functions have beneficial and detrimental outcomes on chronic inflammation, host defense and barrier integrity. Although research has progressed … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Sep 30:S1933-0219(25)00096-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.09.006. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:41033874 | DOI:10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.09.006

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Sep 24:S1933-0219(25)00097-2. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.09.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Monogenic errors of immunity can present with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-like enteropathy. We describe an adolescent with IBD- and Behçet’s-like phenotype, resulting from an intronic, loss of function mutation (c.248-7G > A) in ELF4, an X-linked transcription factor executing multiple biological functions. The … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Sep 18:S1933-0219(25)00094-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.09.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Mucosal IgA antibodies are the first defence against mucosal infections. Besides targeting specific antigens by their Fab-region, IgA also mediates antiviral functions via their Fc-domain, allowing infected cells destruction by antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP). Passive immunisation with anti-HIV-1 IgG protected Non-Human Primates in … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Sep 18:S1933-0219(25)00092-3. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.09.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Despite recognition of rhinovirus-C (RV-C) as a cause of severe respiratory exacerbations, little is known about the pathogenesis of RV-C infections. We infected mucociliary-differentiated primary tracheobronchial epithelial cells with RV-C15 or RV-A16. Initial RNASeq data showed that, compared to RV-A16, RV-C15 decreased expression … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Sep 15:S1933-0219(25)00095-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.09.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is a food-borne pathogen and a major cause of gastroenteritis in humans. The intestinal microbiota provides colonization resistance to enteric pathogens such as S. Typhimurium. Akkermansia muciniphila is an anaerobic bacterium commonly found in the intestinal tract of humans … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Sep 12:S1933-0219(25)00093-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.09.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by excessive neutrophil recruitment, endothelial barrier dysfunction, and persistent inflammation. A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) regulates leukocyte trafficking by cleaving adhesion molecules such as VE-cadherin and JAM-A, but its role in neutrophil-driven lung injury remains … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Sep 2:S1933-0219(25)00091-1. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.09.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Epithelial linings at mucosal sites act in concert with resident immune cells to direct host defense. The epithelial lining of the urethra is an understudied mucosal barrier with emerging roles in antimicrobial defense during urinary tract infections. Here, we present a comprehensive cellular … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Aug 27:S1933-0219(25)00090-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.08.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) are critical mediators of virulence factor delivery and intercellular communication, yet the mechanisms by which hosts detect and respond to these vesicles remain poorly characterized. Through transcriptional profiling, we found that MVs derived from the non-lethal pathogenic Erwinia carotovora … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Aug 21:S1933-0219(25)00089-3. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.08.006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Genital inflammation is associated with increased HIV risk. We previously found that endocervical Tregs correlated with decreased genital inflammation and reduced HIV target cells. IL-2 induces Tregs, and efforts to potentiate its regulatory activities clinically are ongoing. In this study, intraperitoneal administration of … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Aug 18:S1933-0219(25)00085-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.08.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Lipid mediators play important, yet poorly understood roles in regulating immune responses. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a herpesvirus that persists in mucosal tissues. Prior work suggests that leukotrienes, a class of inflammatory lipid mediators, contribute to viral control. Infection with murine (M)CMV altered leukotriene … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Aug 16:S1933-0219(25)00087-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.08.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Clostridioides difficile colonizes the gastrointestinal tract and secretes two virulence factors: toxin A (TcdA) and toxin B (TcdB). Protective immunity against C. difficile infection is limited as patients are susceptible to multiple rounds of recurrent infections. The factors determining whether immunity to TcdA … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Aug 15:S1933-0219(25)00088-1. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.08.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Transcriptional programming needed for CD4 T cell immunity against influenza A virus (IAV) is unclear. Most antiviral CD4 T cells fit Th1 criteria, but cells unable to develop Th1 identity, through deletion of the transcription factors T-bet and Eomesodermin, remain protective. These double … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Aug 13:S1933-0219(25)00084-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.08.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT GPR15 is a homing receptor important for T cell migration to the large intestine, the primary site of inflammation in ulcerative colitis. Both GPR15 and its ligand, C10ORF99, represent potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of IBD; however, the roles of C10ORF99 in … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Aug 13:S1933-0219(25)00086-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.08.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Desmosomes play an underexplored role in intestinal homeostasis and are linked to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. We found a novel function of the desmosomal plaque protein Plakoglobin (JUP) in initiating the innate immune response to facilitate intestinal inflammation. Tissue samples from … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Aug;18(4):1003. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.003. Epub 2025 Aug 5. NO ABSTRACT PMID:40774771 | DOI:10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.003

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jul 26:S1933-0219(25)00077-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.07.006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The nasal, oropharyngeal, and bronchial mucosa are primary contact points for airborne pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), SARS-CoV-2, and influenza virus. While mucosal surfaces can function as both entry points and barriers to infection, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT) facilitate early immune responses to … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jul 22:S1933-0219(25)00078-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.07.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The nasal cavity is the entry site for respiratory viruses. Understanding how the nasal cavity sustains memory CD8+ T cell is essential for improving respiratory virus management and vaccine development. Here, we sampled CD8+ T cells from the upper nasal turbinate and peripheral … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jul 20:S1933-0219(25)00073-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.07.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Advancements in vaccination and sanitation have significantly reduced the prevalence and burden of infectious diseases; however, these benefits have coincided with a marked rise in autoimmune and allergic disorders. Recent studies have investigated these linked trends through the lens of host-microbiome alterations, proposing … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jul 19:S1933-0219(25)00075-3. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.07.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Apolipoprotein E (APOE) expressed by macrophages modulates allergic inflammation and remodeling of the lower airway. However, its expression and functions in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) remain unclear. We sought to investigate the involvement of macrophage derived APOE in the pathogenesis of … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jul 17:S1933-0219(25)00076-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.07.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Intraepithelial lymphocytes expressing the γδ T cell receptor (γδ IEL) provide continuous surveillance of the intestinal epithelium. We report that mice harboring a microbiota-specific hyperproliferative γδ IEL (γδHYP) phenotype also upregulate the expression of the ectonucleotidase CD39, a marker of regulatory γδ T … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jul 16:S1933-0219(25)00074-1. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.07.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Alveolar macrophages (AMs) and dendritic cells (DCs) are the two major types of primary innate immune cells in allergic asthma and their functions were elaborately regulated during the progression of asthma. Tripartite motif-containing protein 33 (TRIM33) is a multifunctional protein that regulates differentiation … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jul 10:S1933-0219(25)00072-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.07.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a mucosal infection predominantly caused by Candida albicans, affecting over three-quarters of immunocompetent women worldwide. While the female genital tract mucosa is the primary defense against the fungus, the specific immune mechanisms involved in this host-pathogen interaction remain largely … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jul 2:S1933-0219(25)00070-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.010. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Patients with autoimmune diseases are more susceptible to foodborne infections, which can be exacerbated by immunosuppressive therapy. Tofacitinib, a JAK/STAT pathway inhibitor, was recently approved for the treatment of ulcerative colitis, yet its effects on the pathogenesis of intestinal infections remain unclear. Here, … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jul 1:S1933-0219(25)00071-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.011. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Macrophages play essential roles in immune defense and tissue homeostasis, but the mechanisms underlying their colonization in the gut mucosa remain incompletely understood. Here, we identify CSF1, primarily derived from fibroblasts, as the dominant factor maintaining mucosal macrophage colonization, whereas IL-34 deficiency alone … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 27:S1933-0219(25)00068-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.008. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Poorly controlled diabetes significantly transforms periodontal disease from manageable to advanced, affecting millions worldwide, yet the mechanisms driving this destructive synergy remain unclear. To investigate these pathological interactions, we generated single-cell RNA sequencing profiles of diabetic periodontal tissue, revealing γδ T-cells as previously … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 27:S1933-0219(25)00069-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.009. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:40582571 | DOI:10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.009

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 24:S1933-0219(25)00067-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Desmosomes are junctional complexes that confer mechanical strength and enhance barrier protection at mucosal epithelial surfaces by anchoring intermediate filaments to plasma membrane. These roles are best defined in cutaneous epithelium, but we previously identified lower levels of the desmosomal cadherins desmoglein-1 (DSG1) … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 13:S1933-0219(25)00066-2. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Maternal exposure to environmental change during pregnancy is a critical determinant of offspring health and disease. Previous epidemiological studies have reported that maternal inflammation is linked to an increased incidence of postnatal allergy in offspring, although the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 12:S1933-0219(25)00065-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Numerous studies have shown that tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells form in the intestine following pathogen clearance. However, most knowledge of intestinal TRM cells has derived from analyses restricted to the small intestine (SI). In contrast, less is known about TRM cell formation … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 10:S1933-0219(25)00064-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Intestinal epithelial cells need to be able to launch a quick and adequate immune response against pathogens, while tolerating commensals. This delicate balance requires a tight control over the activation of the NFκB and Interferon pathways to prevent chronic inflammation. Simultaneously, intestinal stem … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 9:S1933-0219(25)00055-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.05.009. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with autoimmune features and malignant transformation risk, lacking a definitive treatment, with CD4+ T cells being pivotal in its pathogenesis. Dysbiosis, an imbalance in the microbiome, is linked to various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 7:S1933-0219(25)00058-3. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Chronic gastrointestinal diseases are a significant global health burden that can require the use of gastrointestinal-cleansing regimens for diagnostics or therapeutic treatment. These regimens are beneficial for facilitating surgical preparation, drug delivery, colorectal cancer screenings, and personal use is common among proponents of … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 5:S1933-0219(25)00057-1. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT As professional and long-lived immunoglobulin (Ig) producers, B cells represent attractive candidates for adoptive immunotherapy and their highly expressed Ig heavy (IgH) chain locus is ideal for editing. Each of its constant genes, expressed after class switch recombination (CSR), affords an attractive platform … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 4:S1933-0219(25)00056-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.05.008. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Intestinal fibrosis is one of the most threatening complications of Crohn’s disease (CD). Although our previous study identified the profibrotic role of amphiregulin (AREG) in intestinal fibrosis, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 May 30:S1933-0219(25)00054-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.05.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT A principal reason for the high global morbidity and mortality of tuberculosis (TB) is the lack of efficacy of the only licensed TB vaccine, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), as intradermal BCG does not induce local pulmonary immune memory. Animal studies have shown that inhalation … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 May 25:S1933-0219(25)00053-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.05.006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT IL-17-producing lymphocytes are involved in both tissue repair and the propagation of inflammation, with their effects highly context-dependent. Mucosal-Associated-Invariant-T-cells (MAIT), a subset of innate-like T cells with features of both Th1 and Th17 lineages, are increasingly recognized for their roles in mucosal immunity. … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 May 23:S1933-0219(25)00052-2. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.05.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Inflammatory chemokine receptors CCR1/2/3/5 (iCCRs) play an important role in the recruitment of immune cells involved in innate immune functions and orchestrating the adaptive immune response. Here we utilise an influenza A virus (IAV) challenge to investigate the combinatorial roles of the iCCRs … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 May 19:S1933-0219(25)00050-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.05.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The REG/Reg gene locus encodes a conserved family of potent antimicrobial but also pancreatitis-associated proteins. Here we investigated whether REG/Reg family members differ in their baseline expression levels and abilities to be regulated in the pancreas and gut upon perturbations. We found, in … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 May 16:S1933-0219(25)00051-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.05.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Helminth infections affect billions of people worldwide and cause substantial morbidity. Intestinal helminth infection provokes Type 2 inflammation orchestrated by CD4+ T helper type 2 (Th2) cells. Th2 cells cooperate with group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) to produce interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 May 14:S1933-0219(25)00049-2. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.05.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The parasite Cryptosporidium is a leading cause of diarrhea and death in malnourished children and immunocompromised individuals and an important enteric pathogen of livestock. A mucosal vaccine to mitigate clinical disease and decrease transmission would address the public health impact of this organism, … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 May 10:S1933-0219(25)00048-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.05.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus is a significant cause of pulmonary infections, but existing mouse models fail to recapitulate human-specific responses. In this study, we developed a novel mouse model of S. aureus infection using humanized mice implanted with autologous fetal lung tissue. We show that … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 May 3:S1933-0219(25)00047-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.04.009. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Dyslipidemia, characterized by altered lipid profiles, influences host immune responses against infections, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). While the effects of dyslipidemia on conventional T cell responses are well documented, its impact on group 1-CD1 restricted T cells, a distinct subset of lipid antigen-specific … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 May 2:S1933-0219(25)00046-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.04.008. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Influenza A virus (IAV) infections trigger asthma attacks and cause airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in murine models. However, the mechanism by which AHR is induced remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we show that targeting the interleukin (IL)-33 suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) receptor … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Apr 25:S1933-0219(25)00043-1. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.04.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Pregnancies rely upon the balance between fetal and maternal immune systems. Employing imaging mass cytometry, this study creates a spatial map landscape to unravel the cellular dynamics within the placental villi (PV). Consistent with previous data we report structural remodeling in PV, highlighted … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Apr 23:S1933-0219(25)00045-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.04.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection during infancy is associated with a 2 to 4-fold increased risk for the development of wheezing and asthma. Recent studies have implicated microbiome changes, either within the lung or gut, during early life can also affect the … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Apr 19:S1933-0219(25)00044-3. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.04.006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Protein arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for various diseases due to its role in promoting neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. NETs, composed of DNA and antimicrobial proteins, serve as a defense mechanism against pathogens but can also … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Apr 17:S1933-0219(25)00042-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.04.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Promoting intestinal regeneration and enhancing mucosal healing have emerged as promising therapeutic alternatives for treating intestinal disorders that compromise epithelial barrier integrity and function. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these processes remain poorly understood. This knowledge gap is partly due to … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Apr 13:S1933-0219(25)00041-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.04.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The colonic mucus layer acts as a physicochemical barrier to pathogen invasion and as a habitat for mucus-associated microbes. This mucosal microbiome plays a crucial role in moderating mucus production, maintaining barrier integrity, and shaping the host immune response. However, unchecked mucin foraging … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Apr 11:S1933-0219(25)00040-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.04.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GBP) surgery is an effective treatment for reducing body weight and correcting metabolic dysfunction in individuals with severe obesity. Herein, we characterize the differences between very low energy diet (VLED) and GBP induced weight loss by multi-omic analyses of microbiome … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Apr 10:S1933-0219(25)00039-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.04.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Humans breathe thousands of litres of non-sterile air each day containing bacteria, viruses, and fungi, as well as pollutants, allergens, and other particles. The continual exposure to foreign particles is juxtaposed with the vast surface area of the blood-air-barrier which becomes extremely thin … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Apr 1:S1933-0219(25)00032-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.03.006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Intranasal vaccines potentially offer superior protection against viral infections compared with injectable vaccines. The immunogenicity of intranasal vaccines including adenovirus vector (AdV), has room for improvement, while few options are available for safe execution. In this study, we demonstrate that modifying a basic … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Mar 29:S1933-0219(25)00033-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.03.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Alterations in goblet cell biology constitute one of the most effective host responses against enteric parasites. In the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, millions of bacteria influence these goblet cell responses by binding to pattern recognition receptors such as toll-like receptors (TLRs). Studies suggest that … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Mar 28:S1933-0219(25)00030-3. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.03.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Adult skin varies across regions, with differences in chemical, physical, microbiota, and immune barriers. However, data on topographical immune differences in other age groups are limited. This study aimed to explore the chronological maturation of the immune barrier in various skin regions. A … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Mar 28:S1933-0219(25)00031-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.03.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Heatstroke (HS) is typically considered a sepsis-like syndrome caused by hyperthermia, often accompanied by multiple organ dysfunctions (MODS). To explore the mechanisms of MODS, we established a mouse model of HS by exposing mice to a hyperthermic and high-humidity environment. Then, we utilized … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Mar 26:S1933-0219(25)00029-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.03.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Our understanding of the airway epithelium’s role in driving asthma pathogenesis has evolved over time. From being regarded primarily as a physical barrier that could be damaged via inflammation, the epithelium is now known to actively contribute to asthma development through interactions with … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Mar 17:S1933-0219(25)00027-3. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.03.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa) is a pathogenic opportunistic bacterium, classified as a priority by the WHO for the research of new treatments. As this bacterium is harmful through the inflammation and tissue damage it causes, we investigated the role of Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Mar 14:S1933-0219(25)00028-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.03.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Host-microbiota cooperation is critical for successful intestinal homeostasis. The commensal segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) are crucial for orchestrating the post-natal maturation of the host gut immune system and establishing a healthy state of physiological inflammation, which largely depends on their intimate attachment to … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Mar 6:S1933-0219(25)00026-1. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.02.008. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) features en masse neutrophil (PMN) infiltration of the colon tissue, where PMNs occupy spatially distinct niches, including the lamina propria mucosa (LPNs) and the crypt epithelium (epithelium-associated neutrophils or EANs). Spatial PMN localization is currently used as a clinical … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Feb 26:S1933-0219(25)00024-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.02.006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Females are disproportionately affected by asthma. An increased understanding of how female sex hormones influence key pathophysiological processes that underpin asthma may identify new, more effective asthma therapies, particularly for females with severe, poorly controlled asthma. We assessed the effects of oral ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Feb 25:S1933-0219(25)00025-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.02.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Autoimmune uveitis (AIU) is an immune-inflammatory disease that can lead to blindness. However, incomplete understanding of the involved immune cell subsets and their contributions to retinal injury has hindered the development of effective AIU therapies. Using single-cell RNA sequencing and immunofluorescence, we identified … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Feb 21:S1933-0219(25)00021-2. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.02.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Emerging evidence indicates that gingival-resident helper CD4+ T cells are major drivers of periodontal inflammation in response to commensal and pathogenic oral microorganisms. Whether tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cells (TRM), which principally safeguard against viruses and cancer but also drive certain autoimmune and … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Feb 21:S1933-0219(25)00023-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.02.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an immunomodulatory cytokine critical for intestinal immune homeostasis. IL-10 is produced by various immune cells but IL-10 receptor signaling in intestinal CX3CR1+ mononuclear phagocytes is necessary to prevent spontaneous colitis in mice. Here, we utilized fluorescent protein reporters and cell-specific … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Feb 19:S1933-0219(25)00022-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.02.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Lung-resident memory T cells (lung TRMs) settle in the lung and respond rapidly to external antigens, and are therefore considered to have great potential for development of respiratory vaccines. Here, we demonstrate that lung-resident memory Th2 cells (lung TRM2) protect against pulmonary mycosis … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Feb 19:S1933-0219(25)00020-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.02.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Recently, we demonstrated that influenza A virus (IAV)-infected murine neonates lacking a functional IFN-I receptor (IFNAR-/-) had significantly improved survival and reduced lung pathology relative to wild-type (WT) neonates. In direct contrast, adult IFNAR-/- mice display enhanced morbidity following IAV infection relative to … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Feb 18:S1933-0219(25)00019-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.02.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Influenza virus infection is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, posing a significant public health problem. The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been shown to promote defense against respiratory viral infection, while excessive IL-6 responses have been associated with severe pneumonia. … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Feb 5:S1933-0219(25)00010-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.01.010. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The ocular surface microbiota plays a critical role in maintaining corneal homeostasis, but its disruption and subsequent effects on corneal functions remain poorly understood. This study investigates how antibiotic-induced microbial depletion affects the corneal circadian transcriptome in C57BL/6J mice. Dysbiosis was induced using … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Feb 5:S1933-0219(25)00013-3. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.01.013. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Mitochondria are key regulators of inflammatory responses and mitochondrial dysfunction is closely linked to various inflammatory diseases. Increasing genetic and experimental evidence suggests that mitochondria play a critical role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In the complex environment of the intestinal tract, intestinal … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Feb 1:S1933-0219(25)00012-1. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.01.012. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) have emerged as critical immune effectors with key roles in orchestrating the wider immune response. While ILC are relatively rare cells they are found enriched within discrete microenvironments, predominantly within barrier tissues. An emerging body of evidence implicates complex … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Feb 1:S1933-0219(25)00009-1. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.01.009. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The ocular mucosal surface regularly encounters external materials in the air and tear fluids. Microfold (M) cells, specialized epithelial cells for antigen uptake, are present in tear duct-associated lymphoid tissue (TALT) within the nasolacrimal sac; however, their immunological significance is unclear. We generated … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jan 31:S1933-0219(25)00011-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.01.011. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Gut inflammatory diseases cause microbial dysbiosis. Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) infection disrupts intestinal integrity, subverts repair/renewal pathways, impairs mucosal immunity and propels microbial dysbiosis. However, microbial metabolic mechanisms driving repair mechanisms in virally inflamed gut are not well understood. We investigated the capability … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jan 28:S1933-0219(25)00008-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.01.008. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Host response aimed at eliminating the infecting pathogen, as well as the pathogen itself, can cause tissue injury. Tissue injury leads to the release of a myriad of cellular components including mitochondrial DNA, which the host senses through pattern recognition receptors. How the … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jan 25:S1933-0219(25)00007-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.01.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Maternal obesity is a condition with increasing prevalence worldwide, that correlates with negative infant outcomes. Here we performed an observational cross-sectional study, where peripheral blood and colostrum samples from 37 mothers with BMI between 18.5-25 or > 30 kg/m2 (21 and 16 mothers, … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jan 23:S1933-0219(25)00006-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.01.006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Our immune system and gut microbiota are intricately coupled from birth, both going through maturation during early life and senescence during aging almost in a synchronized fashion. The symbiotic relationship between the human host and microbiota is critically dependent on a healthy immune … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jan 21:S1933-0219(25)00001-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.01.001. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:39843282 | DOI:10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.01.001

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jan 20:S1933-0219(25)00003-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.01.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Intestinal immune homeostasis relies on intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), which provide an efficient barrier, and warrant a state of tolerance between the microbiome and the mucosal immune system. Thus, proper epithelial microbial sensing and handling of microbes is key to preventing excessive immunity, … Read more