Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 23 April 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01162-5In this Review, Male and Jones provide an overview of the current vaccines that are offered during pregnancy and to newborns, explaining the rati…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 23 April 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01176-zA prospective observational study of human immune responses to vaccination after early-life antibiotic exposure shows that neonatal exposure redu…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 23 April 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01178-xA preprint by Buj et al. reports that Cdkn2alow tumour cells upregulate plasma membrane expression of the zinc importer SLC39A9, which deprives m…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 23 April 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01177-yA preprint by Martins, Blankehaus et al. highlights an important role for monocyte-derived macrophages in iron homeostasis and its control of sys…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 17 April 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01167-0In this Review, Tse-Kang, Wani and Pukkila-Worley discuss how nematodes, such as Caenorhabditis elegans, rely on ‘patterns of pathogenesis’ as op…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 16 April 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01159-0In this Review, Kato and Kita discuss the complex interactions between airway epithelial cells and immune cells that contribute to the developmen…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 11 April 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01161-6Beyond exhaustion, CD8+ T cells can adopt various dysfunctional states, including tolerant, anergic, senescent, ignorant and dying states, that c…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 09 April 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01166-1US spending in biomedicine has driven pre-eminence in academia, Nobel prizes, scientific training discovery, translation and healthcare. The asso…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 09 April 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01170-5Neutrophils not only kill invading microorganisms but also help to prevent their entry into tissues in the first place.
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 08 April 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01171-4A study shows that transient blockade of type I interferon signalling during T cell priming enhances the generation of stem cell-like memory CD8+…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 04 April 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01169-yNelson et al. report that lung-resident IgG1+ memory B cells class-switch to IgE to mediate airway hypersensitivity in asthma.
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 01 April 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01149-2Regulatory T (Treg) cells have an important role in the maintenance of immune tolerance and continuously circulate in the body. During this migra…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 01 April 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01168-zIn this Tools of the Trade article, Sofia Bustamante Eguiguren (from the Dushek and van der Merwe labs) describes CombiCells, which can be custom…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 28 March 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01164-3A preprint by Dolci et al. reports that tumour-associated macrophages secrete SPP1 to drive neurite outgrowth, promoting tumour innervation and s…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 28 March 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01163-4A preprint by Liu et al. shows that resident tissue macrophages in the conventional outflow tract regulate intraocular pressure in the steady state.
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 27 March 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01165-2A preprint by Farias et al. shows that the type I interferon response to respiratory syncytial virus infection reduces lung metastasis of breast …
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 20 March 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01150-9Immunoglobulins sample vast swathes of primary sequence and conformational space to generate and select B cell clones with exquisite selectivity …
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 19 March 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01155-4In this Review, the authors explain how post-translational protein modification by the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) family is emerging as…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 17 March 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01160-7Drugs like aspirin can enhance the anti-metastatic activity of T cells by blocking a platelet-mediated pathway of suppression.
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 05 March 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01156-3A preprint by Laubreton et al. suggests a role for agonist selection and cytokine-driven bystander activation in the differentiation and recruitm…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 05 March 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01157-2A preprint by Eislmayr et al. shows that macrophages rather than neutrophils are a key factor in controlling Shigella infection.
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 05 March 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01142-9This Progress article describes recent studies showing that the human lipopolysaccharide sensor caspase-4 activates pro-IL-18 and causes vascular…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 05 March 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01141-wNew immunotherapies have the potential to mediate a sustained remission from certain autoimmune diseases. This has been referred to as achieving …
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 05 March 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01153-6In this Tools of the Trade article, Takamasa Kudo (in the Aviv Regev lab, in collaboration with Eric Lubeck) describes how PerturbView enables ro…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 04 March 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01158-1Recent studies in mouse models of viral infection showed that precursors of terminally exhausted T cells emerge early during the course of diseas…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 04 March 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01152-7In this Tools of the Trade article, Sarah Al Abdullatif describes a method to measure — in a physiological context — mechanical forces transmitte…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 03 March 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01154-5A preprint by Mroz et al. reports a role for IFNgamma in protecting against seizures after traumatic brain injury.
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 25 February 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01151-8Hsu et al. report in Cell that the release of complement-inhibiting vesicles by neutrophils as they age is a self-resolving, anti-inflammatory…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 14 February 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01148-3A study in Science Immunology shows that meningeal regulatory T (Treg) cells limit the activation, proliferation and parenchymal infiltration …
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 13 February 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01136-7HIV infection persists under antiretroviral therapy due to a reservoir of latently infected cells. This Perspective discusses how host immune …
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 12 February 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01144-7Loss of a conserved cis-regulatory element at HDAC9 increases NLRP3 inflammasome activation and may explain why HDAC9 is a major risk locus fo…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 07 February 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01143-8To evade elimination by T cells, tumour cells transfer mutant mitochondria to T cells, which reprogrammes their metabolism and compromises the…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 05 February 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01137-6B cells are major drivers of systemic immunity, but they also act locally in non-lymphoid organs. This Review highlights new insights into mec…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 03 February 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01135-8Inclusion of ACKR5 in the systematic nomenclature of atypical chemokine receptors
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 31 January 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01132-xBesides its beneficial effects against infection, trained immunity has recently been implicated in inflammation-related disorders and is being …
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 31 January 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01140-xA preprint by Makris et al. shows that podoplanin is a key regulator of the functions of fibroblastic reticular cells in lymph nodes, by modula…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 31 January 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01129-6The peripheral immune system communicates with the brain through diverse anatomical routes to shape brain physiology. Here we discuss why such …
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 30 January 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01131-yKidney diseases affect millions globally. Advances in understanding immunological mechanisms and disease endotypes have enhanced diagnostic acc…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 28 January 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01138-5In this Tools of the Trade article, Yishay Pinto describes a tool, called Phanta, that profiles phages alongside their bacterial hosts in micro…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 28 January 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01139-4A study in Science reports that intestinal innate lymphoid cells migrate to the pancreas in response to low blood glucose levels to promote glu…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 28 January 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01130-zRecent studies suggest that biomolecular condensates — membrane-less assemblies of proteins and nucleic acids — are involved in regulating gene…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 14 January 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01133-wA study in Cell shows that gasdermin D pores can be transferred from cell to cell via extracellular vesicles and induce pyroptotic cell death i…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 14 January 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-025-01134-9A phenomenon called ‘autosomal random monoallelic expression’ (aRMAE) may explain phenotypic variability of clinical disease in carriers of mut…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 08 January 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01128-zA preprint by Xu et al. shows that MHC-pseudotyped retroviruses can reprogramme, activate and expand tumour-specific T cell populations in vivo.
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 07 January 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01124-3This Perspective discusses current knowledge of the diverse roles played by different macrophage populations within the Mycobacterium tuberculo…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 07 January 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01112-7This Review summarizes mechanisms for the regulation of cGAS–STING signalling, describes its crosstalk with other signalling pathways, and outl…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 06 January 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01119-0This Review discusses recent advances in our understanding of the biology of endogenous tissue regeneration in the thymus, highlighting the cli…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 02 January 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01111-8Here the authors describe the different ways that cancer cells evade the immune system and how these mechanisms impact immunoediting and tumour…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 02 January 2025; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01127-0Stress-induced gut leakage and immune activation lead to the release of IL-22, which acts directly on septal neurons in the brain to dampen the…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 19 December 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01126-1A transposon-derived isoform of the type I interferon (IFN) receptor IFNAR2 can serve as a decoy receptor to regulate IFN signalling.
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 16 December 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01125-2Yan et al. report the identification of a population of muscle spindle macrophages, which regulate the muscle stretch reflex through glutamate…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 09 December 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01104-7This Review provides an in-depth examination of how inflammation contributes to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer disease. The authors explore th…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 09 December 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01118-1A preprint by Chung et al. presents a framework for the use of transcriptomic and epigenomic data to identify novel transcription factors driv…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 05 December 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01123-4Author Correction: Inflammasome components as new therapeutic targets in inflammatory disease
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 05 December 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01122-5Publisher Correction: Inflammasome components as new therapeutic targets in inflammatory disease
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 03 December 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01121-6Endogenous self-peptides derived from CNS antigens are presented on MHC class II molecules at the borders of the CNS and expand suppressive po…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 29 November 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01120-7Sialylated IgG protects against severe influenza by inducing the transcriptional repressor REST, which dampens the inflammatory response and p…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 12 November 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01100-xThe oral mucosa is a critical barrier tissue that is continually exposed to pathogens, but antiviral immune responses in this tissue are poorl…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 11 November 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01105-6The basic-residue-rich sequence (BRS) is a common motif located in the cytoplasmic tail of most immunoreceptors. This Perspective highlights t…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 07 November 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01103-8This Review discusses how adipose tissue can regulate host immune function via the release of adipokines, including adiponectin, leptin and va…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 07 November 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01102-9Thirty years ago, Polly Matzinger introduced the ‘danger theory of immunity’, which proposed that danger and damage have a decisive role in im…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 31 October 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01099-1Single-cell multi-omic profiling has revealed how the immune system is established in the human embryo, mapping in unprecedented detail the eme…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 30 October 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01109-2Inflammation and fibrosis are linked to organ dysfunction. Two studies in Nature investigate the cross-talk between immune cells and fibroblast…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 28 October 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01107-4Blocking the RNase activity of IRE1α can convert ‘cold’ tumours to immunologically ‘hot’ ones that respond to chemo-immunotherapy.
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 28 October 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01110-9Increased intratumoral acidity associated with a high-fat diet accelarates tumour growth through the acid-sensing receptor GPR65 on tumour-asso…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 22 October 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01106-5Two studies in Cell Stem Cell and Nature use single-cell transcriptomics of human fetal tissue to investigate the roles of tissue-resident macr…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 21 October 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01093-7CAR T cells have transformed the treatment of some haematological cancers. This Perspective explores how insights into T cell receptor signalli…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 21 October 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01091-9This Perspective considers present and historical paradigms of therapeutic cancer vaccines and describes a conceptual framework, termed Vax-Inn…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 17 October 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01098-2This Review provides an overview of arginine and arginase function in immune cells, at the steady state and during disease. It considers the re…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 16 October 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01088-4The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) can sense and initiate immune responses to many different infectious organisms. Here, Moura-Alves and colle…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 11 October 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01101-wFebrile temperatures disrupt metabolism and induce DNA damage disproportionately in T helper 1 cell subsets. Cells that survive apoptosis and a…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 04 October 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01097-3CD8+ T cells are functionally impaired during chronic HBV infection. Recent findings from preclinical models and studies of chronically infecte…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 30 September 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01087-5Oxygen levels vary throughout the body and immune cells must adapt to these changes, both during homeostasis and in disease. Here, the author…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 27 September 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01081-xMacrophages are associated with many human diseases but are challenging to study in vivo. Here, Ginhoux and colleagues discuss how iMacs — ma…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 24 September 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01083-9Technological advances in cellular and molecular immunology are providing unprecedented new insights into evolutionary immunology. This Persp…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 24 September 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01094-6Publisher Correction: Role of thymic stromal lymphopoietin in allergy and beyond
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 24 September 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01096-4MICL regulates neutrophil responses by serving as an inhibitory pattern-recognition receptor for NETs.
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 20 September 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01095-5A study in Cell describes a platform to supply exogenous mitochondria to CD8+ T cells via nanotubes, which boosts their antitumour efficacy.
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 18 September 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01080-yMacrophages are innate immune sentinels providing frontline defence against infection. This Review describes the inducible mechanisms used by…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 18 September 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01076-8For effective central T cell tolerance, developing thymocytes must encounter a diverse range of self-antigens presented by various thymic cel…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 17 September 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01079-5Dendritic cells (DCs) act as gatekeepers between immunity and tolerance. Initially, it was postulated that mature DCs promote effector T cell…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 16 September 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01090-wFrancesca Di Rosa works on T cells and is committed to science outreach. Together with Adrian Hayday, she recently conceptualized and deliver…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 16 September 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01089-3Starkl et al. show that mast cells have a key role in the metabolic network that underlies postoperative pain and demonstrate that this can b…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 10 September 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01073-xThe mechanisms by which antigen triggers B-cell activation are incompletely understood. In this Review, Degn and Tolar discuss the different …
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 09 September 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01075-9Inflammasomes are signalling machines that drive inflammation. This Review highlights the signalling biology of inflammasomes and how we can …
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 09 September 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01085-7Anne Spurkland is a professor of medicine, and her research interests include T cell activation and autoimmunity. She is also an avid baker o…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 06 September 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01077-7Oral tolerance describes how the oral administration of harmless antigens (such as dietary proteins) leads to systemic immune unresponsivenes…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 04 September 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01070-0Sex-specific differences in immunity are determined by genetics and by hormones. This Comment discusses first insights into the consequences …
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 30 August 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01084-8In this Tools of the Trade article, Mayar Allam and Ahmet Coskun describe how they combined spatial metabolomics and proteomics profiling — in a…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 30 August 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01064-yThis Review provides an overview of the immune system of the eye at steady state and in ocular disease, and it describes the links between ocula…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 23 August 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01082-wOrganoids generated from individuals with coeliac disease identify a role for IL-7 in disease pathogenesis.
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 23 August 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01086-6Kloosterman, Erbani et al. describe a lipid-mediated, metabolic crosstalk between tumour-associated macrophages and glioblastoma cells that supp…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 09 August 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01067-9This Review discusses the different mechanisms of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infectious disease, including how antibodies can incre…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 08 August 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01078-6Thierry, Baudon et al. show that non-classical monocytes are nurtured by endothelial cell expression of CSF1 throughout the whole vascular tree.
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 29 July 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01069-7In this Tools of the Trade article, Camilla Engblom and colleagues describe their elegant technique ‘Spatial VDJ’ to detect and map antigen recept…
Nature Reviews Immunology, Published online: 29 July 2024; doi:10.1038/s41577-024-01074-wNeuroinflammation in response to infection or chronic disease can cause non-neural symptoms such as fatigue and muscle pain. Yang et al. show that…
