Helminths have evolved complex immunomodulatory mechanisms that enable chronic infection while minimizing host damage. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding nematode-derived molecules with therapeutic potential. The phosphorylcholine-…
BackgroundBladder cancer (BLCA) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy with considerable variability in clinical outcomes. Reliable biomarkers for prognosis and treatment guidance remain urgently needed. Migrasomes, recently identified cellular organelle…
IntroductionThe impact of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) on the gastrointestinal tract ecosystem has been widely investigated beyond the stomach. Researchers have made considerable progress in understanding the relationship between H. pylori infection…
Cancer immunotherapy has remarkably reshaped the therapeutic landscape of oncology, and representative therapies including immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapy, oncolytic viruses and tumor vaccines have exhibited superior efficacy over c…
Backgroundγδ T cells play a key role in modulating immune responses to pregnancy-associated malaria and can enhance vaccine efficacy through their activation and cytotoxic functions. However, the mechanisms guiding γδT cell differentiation in placental…
