Mucosa Immunology

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Mar 14:S1933-0219(26)00025-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.03.001. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:41833470 | DOI:10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.03.001

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Mar 8:S1933-0219(26)00029-2. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.03.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The development of treatments for ulcerative colitis (UC) has seen significant advancements over recent years, focusing on new drugs, innovative approaches, and a deeper understanding of the disease mechanisms. Few however have been able to restore natural tolerance. The hookworm-derived recombinant Anti-Inflammatory Protein … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Mar 8:S1933-0219(26)00028-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.03.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is characterized by epithelial barrier dysfunction and type 2-dominant inflammation, yet the upstream regulatory mechanisms linking epithelial remodeling and immune activation remain poorly understood, and reliable biomarkers for eosinophilic CRSwNP (EOS CRSwNP) are limited. This study investigated … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Mar 5:S1933-0219(26)00026-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.03.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Post-COVID syndrome (PCS) is a complex condition that can emerge after recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection, even in young, healthy individuals with mild acute illness. While the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, viral persistence and immune dysregulation are considered key contributors. This study investigates whether … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Mar 3:S1933-0219(26)00027-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.03.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a leading cause of cutaneous infections, underscoring the need for alternative therapeutic strategies. Catestatin (CST), a neuroendocrine antimicrobial peptide produced by neurons and epithelial cells, has been implicated in skin defense against pathogens such as MRSA, though its … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Feb 27:S1933-0219(26)00024-3. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.02.007. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:41765103 | DOI:10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.02.007

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Feb 21:S1933-0219(26)00023-1. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.02.006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT EFFECTIVE control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection requires timely activation and accumulation of CD4+ T cells in the lungs, yet the factors delaying this response remain unclear. Here we show that alveolar macrophages (AMs) delay CD4+ T cell priming by retaining Mtb within … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Feb 21:S1933-0219(26)00021-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.02.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Basal cell dysfunction contributes to the pathophysiology of chronic inflammatory airway disorders and is linked to persistent epithelial barrier defects. Epithelial integrity dysfunction, basal cell hyperplasia and metaplasia have been described in allergic rhinitis (AR). However, it remains unclear how basal cell progenitor … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Feb 19:S1933-0219(26)00022-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.02.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Resident memory CD8 T cell (TRM) development progresses through distinct stages beginning with activation of naive T cells into effectors in lymphoid organs, trafficking of effectors to target tissue via blood, and final TRM differentiation at the tissue of residence under the influence … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Feb 9:S1933-0219(26)00012-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.01.012. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT RATIONALE: Bronchiolitis is the commonest cause of hospital admission in children under the age of 1 year, most cases being due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. The mechanisms causing infantile bronchiolitis are incompletely understood but include a deficient mucosal interferon response, neutrophilic … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Feb 6:S1933-0219(26)00016-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.02.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Laboratory mice raised under specific-pathogen-free (SPF) conditions experience restricted microbial and antigenic exposure, which favours an immature immune system and limits their translational value for respiratory research. While microbial enrichment in “dirty” mouse models restores immune maturation, its impact on integrated respiratory function … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Feb 5:S1933-0219(26)00007-3. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.01.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) contribute to mucosal homeostasis and initiate immune responses against gastrointestinal pathogens, including those that target the stomach. However, the role of commensal bacteria in promoting stomach immunity is unknown. Here, we report that YL27, a commensal bacterium … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Feb 4:S1933-0219(26)00013-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.01.013. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT EPICERTIN, a modified cholera toxin B subunit (CTB), facilitates mucosal healing in preclinical colitis models, but its anti-inflammatory mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated EPICERTIN’s effects on macrophages. In a dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis mouse model, oral administration of EPICERTIN reduced neutrophil infiltration … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Feb 3:S1933-0219(26)00014-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.02.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The spatial localization of CD4+ T cells within the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-infected lung is critical for optimal immunity. Here, we investigate the role of two E-cadherin binding receptors, CD103 and KLRG1. We demonstrate that KLRG1 restricts CD4+ T cells to the lung vasculature … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Feb 3:S1933-0219(26)00015-2. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.02.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection and defined by formation of granulomas, immune aggregates that can restrict or support bacterial replication. Macrophages are fundamental components of granulomas and TB pathogenesis, yet their population structure and functional diversity is incompletely understood. … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Jan 30:S1933-0219(26)00011-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.01.011. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT A finely tuned immune regulation within the epididymis and testis is essential for male reproductive health. This balance is especially critical in the epididymis, where sperm mature and ascending infections frequently disrupt homeostasis, resulting in regionally different immune responses and potential long-term fertility … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Jan 27:S1933-0219(26)00009-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.01.009. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The relationship between the intestinal microbiota and the mucosal immune system is a key determinant of health in that it plays a pivotal role in managing pathogens and avoiding chronic inflammatory diseases. Diet is a central mediator of this relationship, influencing microbiota composition … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Jan 27:S1933-0219(26)00010-3. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.01.010. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Paneth cells are secretory intestinal epithelial cells most abundant in the ileum that contribute to gut homeostasis and innate immunity through secretion of antimicrobial peptides and intestinal stem cell factors. Dysfunction of Paneth cells has been implicated in various gastrointestinal disorders. Although regulation … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Jan 23:S1933-0219(26)00008-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.01.008. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Secondary bacterial pneumonia causes substantial morbidity and mortality following influenza A virus (IAV) infection, yet no therapies exist that address the underlying immune dysfunction and epithelial damage that predispose to bacterial superinfection. Here, we demonstrate that short-course intranasal treatment with LAT9997, a synthetic … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Jan 20:S1933-0219(26)00006-1. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.01.006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Two studies in Nature Immunology by Jakob, Sterczyk et al. and Pirzgalska et al. show that neuron-derived vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) regulates intestinal epithelial differentiation and orchestrates immune responses. Through its receptor VIPR1, VIP restrains secretory lineage expansion, balances type 1 and type … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Jan 17:S1933-0219(26)00004-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.01.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The mechanisms underlying innate lymphoid cell (ILC) development and function in the neonatal lung remain incompletely defined. ILCs are critical mediators of early-life innate immune responses in the lung. Dysregulation of ILC homeostasis has both immediate and long-lasting effects on lung health. We … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Jan 16:S1933-0219(26)00005-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.01.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Lung-trafficking helminth larvae drive an early pulmonary neutrophilic inflammation prior to the establishment of the hallmark Type 2 immune response. While IL-11 is known to play crucial roles in chronic inflammatory responses, its role in the mucosal immunity to helminth parasites has not … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Jan 9:S1933-0219(26)00003-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.01.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Silicosis is an inflammation-driven pulmonary fibrosis caused by occupational inhalation of silica particles. Macrophages are crucial in silicosis pathology, yet their interaction with stromal cells in orchestrating fibrosis progression remains poorly understood. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) of whole-lung lavages from silicosis patients identified … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Jan 8:S1933-0219(26)00001-2. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.01.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT T cells play a central role in host protection against respiratory pathogens, but a maladaptive T cell response can lead to pulmonary diseases. Previous studies have examined T cells from the lungs captured via bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), endobronchial brushings, or biopsies. However, whether … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Jan 7:S1933-0219(26)00002-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.01.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Type 2 cytokinerelease promotes wound healing and helminth clearance, but it remains unclearwhethergroup 2 innate lymphocytes (ILC2s) and T-helper2 cells (TH2) cells have functionally distinctroles during anamnestic immunity. This study demonstrates that ILC2 can prevent re-infection andlimit tissue injury caused by the helminthNippostrongylus … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Dec 30:S1933-0219(25)00141-2. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.12.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The intestinal epithelium undergoes robust maturation postnatally, yet its early-life characteristics remain poorly understood. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we analyzed intestinal epithelial cells from neonatal (10-day-old) and juvenile (21-day-old) mice reared under both specific pathogen-free and germ-free conditions. Among the various cell types … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Dec 30:S1933-0219(25)00142-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.12.006. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:41478462 | DOI:10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.12.006

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Dec 27:S1933-0219(25)00140-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.12.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Regulatory T (Treg) cells are well recognized for their role in immune regulation; however, their role in tissue regeneration is not fully understood. This study demonstrates such a role of Tregs in a published preclinical murine model of spontaneous pulmonary fibrosis (PF) expressing … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Dec 22:S1933-0219(25)00139-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.12.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Reduced dietary fiber intake is associated with, and may have contributed to, the post-mid-20th century increase in immune-mediated chronic inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Reduced fiber intake has resulted, in part, from increased consumption of highly refined foods including those made … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Dec 21:S1933-0219(25)00137-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.12.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The intestine and liver are physically interconnected through the biliary system, portal circulation, lymphatic network, and neural pathways, collectively forming the gut-liver axis. The gut-liver axis and the immune system are engaged in a complex regulatory relationship. Over the past few decades, significant … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Dec 21:S1933-0219(25)00138-2. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.12.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Human astroviruses (HAstVs) are a global cause of pediatric gastroenteritis and can cause disseminated infection in immunocompromised hosts. Murine astrovirus (muAstV) causes acute asymptomatic infections in immunocompetent mice and chronic infection in immunodeficient models and has provided important insights into AstV pathogenesis in … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Dec 11:S1933-0219(25)00131-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.014. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:41381285 | DOI:10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.014

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 28:S1933-0219(25)00129-1. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.012. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Natural Killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes and key mediators of innate immunity, essential for combating viral infections and cancer. Notably, they exhibit immunological memory, generating a stronger response upon re-exposure to the same stimulus. While NK cell memory holds promise for infection … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 27:S1933-0219(25)00130-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.013. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract. It is characterised by epithelial and immunological dysfunctions, including alterations in populations of Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILCs), including tissue-resident RORγt-expressing Group 3 ILCs (ILC3s). ILC3s contribute to the maintenance of … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 22:S1933-0219(25)00128-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.011. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Germinal centres (GCs) in mucosal tissues such as the nasal associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) generate high-affinity antibodies critical for protective, and in some cases, sterilising immunity. Therefore, initiation of GCs at the respiratory mucosa is of tremendous clinical significance in the development of … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 20:S1933-0219(25)00127-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.010. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT We have previously demonstrated that the circadian clock regulates the host response to influenza A virus (IAV) infection. While IL-10 is well-known for its immunoregulatory function, its role in IAV remains unclear, with studies reporting both protective and detrimental effects. Given the diurnal … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 20:S1933-0219(25)00126-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.009. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Seminal fluid elicits an immune response in the uterine mucosa after mating that impacts embryo implantation and pregnancy, but the underlying molecular and cellular events are unclear. In this study, we report RNA sequencing to analyse the uterine response to seminal fluid after … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 19:S1933-0219(25)00121-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Airborne fungi are potent inducers of respiratory disease and cause the debilitating conditions severe asthma with fungal sensitisation (SAFS) and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). However, the immune cell types and the inflammatory airway environment that defines SAFS and ABPA patients is not extensively … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 17:S1933-0219(25)00125-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.008. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The mucosal immune system plays a fundamental role in maintaining microbial balance. Microbial imbalance in the female genital tract increases the risk for adverse health outcomes in women and may increase susceptibility to local infections. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) remain understudied in the … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 15:S1933-0219(25)00124-2. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Macrophages are crucial for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis, are considered key proinflammatory effector cells during intestinal inflammation and are implicated in tissue repair following injury or inflammation. Whether these roles are attributed to distinct subsets of macrophages or if macrophages retain a … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 13:S1933-0219(25)00123-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The major fungal allergen Alt a 1 from Alternaria alternata is linked to allergic asthma. We assessed its biological role in nutritional immunity to iron and its allergenic potential using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approaches. Alternaria was cultured with or … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 14:S1933-0219(25)00119-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.002. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:41241599 | DOI:10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.002

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 11:S1933-0219(25)00122-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Identification of pathways preventing timely recovery from acute respiratory viral infection is under-studied but essential for long-term health. Using unbiased proteomics, we reveal an unexpected, reduction in lung basement membrane proteins 21 days after influenza infection when mice had symptomatically recovered. Basement membrane … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 10:S1933-0219(25)00120-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Endometrial injury triggers inflammation responses, and persistent inflammation is a recognized cause of infertility. Emerging evidence underscores the critical role of the vagus nerve in modulating immunity. Although vagotomy is known to induce systemic inflammation, the specific mechanism by which the vagus nerve … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 4:S1933-0219(25)00117-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.11.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The placental intervillous space is a unique immunological niche where circulating maternal immune cells come into direct contact with the fetal syncytiotrophoblast. While adaptations in immune cell composition are known to occur in the maternal decidua throughout pregnancy, it remains unclear whether similar … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 2:S1933-0219(25)00115-1. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.010. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Immunological memory elicited either through previous or ongoing M. tuberculosis (Mtb) infection provides a critical mechanism by which hosts protect against re-infection and disease progression upon Mtb re-exposure. Conversely, the uneven competition between distinct Mtb strains suggest certain bacterial clades have enhanced ability … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Nov 1:S1933-0219(25)00116-3. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.011. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Intravenous (IV) vaccination with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) mediates sterilizing immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) in rhesus macaques but the cellular mechanisms underlying protection are undefined. We used mass cytometry (CyTOF) to broadly profile pulmonary immunity induced by IV BCG and observed an expansion … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Oct 24:S1933-0219(25)00113-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.008. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Radiotherapy (RT) is essential in treating abdominal and pelvic cancers but often damages the healthy tissues, particularly the intestines, leading to radiation-induced toxicities with limited treatment options. While the immune system is known to help regulate tissue damage, immune mechanisms involved in RT-induced … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Oct 26:S1933-0219(25)00114-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.009. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The immune balance in mucosal tissues depends on a delicate interplay between inflammatory T helper 17 (Th17) cells and immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs). But what happens when this balance is disturbed? In this study, we uncovered a critical role for acyl-CoA synthetase … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Oct 20:S1933-0219(25)00111-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.006. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:41120231 | DOI:10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.006

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Oct 19:S1933-0219(25)00112-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Xenobiotics and environmental factors implicated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes. Cyp2s1, an orphan member of this family, is highly expressed in the intestine, yet its role remains unclear. Here, we investigated the function of Cyp2s1 in intestinal … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Oct 15:S1933-0219(25)00107-2. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT T follicular helper cells (TFH) play a central role in orchestrating antibody mediated immunity. Despite the importance of antibody responses, especially allergen-specific IgE, in allergic airway diseases (AAD) such as asthma, the precise role TFH play in AADs has remained elusive. Using a … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Oct 9:S1933-0219(25)00105-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Acute lung injury is a common complication of pneumonia, with disease severity linked to inflammatory cell recruitment and lung barrier dysfunction. In this study, we investigate the role of neutrophil-chemoattractant CXCL5 in lung barrier function and inflammation. We examined CXCL5 in patients with … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Oct 9:S1933-0219(25)00104-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The upper airway is comprised of two distinct mucosal surface tissues, the respiratory mucosa (RM) and the olfactory mucosa (OM), both of which are constantly being exposed to airborne pathogens. The olfactory mucosa is responsible for detecting and conveying odorant information into the … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Oct 9:S1933-0219(25)00103-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Uropathogenic Escherichia coli is a common pathogen that affects the cauda epididymidis, causing interstitial edema, epithelial damage, leukocyte infiltration, and fibrosis. Despite antibiotic treatment, up to 20 % of patients develop abscesses in the cauda epididymidis, and 40 % experience low sperm counts. … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Oct 7:S1933-0219(25)00106-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.10.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) are tissue-resident lymphocytes that contribute to tissue and immune homeostasis. Alterations in ILC3 development or deficiency in their effector functions have beneficial and detrimental outcomes on chronic inflammation, host defense and barrier integrity. Although research has progressed … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Sep 30:S1933-0219(25)00096-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.09.006. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:41033874 | DOI:10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.09.006

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Sep 24:S1933-0219(25)00097-2. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.09.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Monogenic errors of immunity can present with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-like enteropathy. We describe an adolescent with IBD- and Behçet’s-like phenotype, resulting from an intronic, loss of function mutation (c.248-7G > A) in ELF4, an X-linked transcription factor executing multiple biological functions. The … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Sep 18:S1933-0219(25)00094-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.09.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Mucosal IgA antibodies are the first defence against mucosal infections. Besides targeting specific antigens by their Fab-region, IgA also mediates antiviral functions via their Fc-domain, allowing infected cells destruction by antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP). Passive immunisation with anti-HIV-1 IgG protected Non-Human Primates in … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Sep 18:S1933-0219(25)00092-3. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.09.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Despite recognition of rhinovirus-C (RV-C) as a cause of severe respiratory exacerbations, little is known about the pathogenesis of RV-C infections. We infected mucociliary-differentiated primary tracheobronchial epithelial cells with RV-C15 or RV-A16. Initial RNASeq data showed that, compared to RV-A16, RV-C15 decreased expression … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Sep 15:S1933-0219(25)00095-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.09.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is a food-borne pathogen and a major cause of gastroenteritis in humans. The intestinal microbiota provides colonization resistance to enteric pathogens such as S. Typhimurium. Akkermansia muciniphila is an anaerobic bacterium commonly found in the intestinal tract of humans … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Sep 12:S1933-0219(25)00093-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.09.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by excessive neutrophil recruitment, endothelial barrier dysfunction, and persistent inflammation. A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) regulates leukocyte trafficking by cleaving adhesion molecules such as VE-cadherin and JAM-A, but its role in neutrophil-driven lung injury remains … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Sep 2:S1933-0219(25)00091-1. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.09.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Epithelial linings at mucosal sites act in concert with resident immune cells to direct host defense. The epithelial lining of the urethra is an understudied mucosal barrier with emerging roles in antimicrobial defense during urinary tract infections. Here, we present a comprehensive cellular … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Aug 27:S1933-0219(25)00090-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.08.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) are critical mediators of virulence factor delivery and intercellular communication, yet the mechanisms by which hosts detect and respond to these vesicles remain poorly characterized. Through transcriptional profiling, we found that MVs derived from the non-lethal pathogenic Erwinia carotovora … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Aug 21:S1933-0219(25)00089-3. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.08.006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Genital inflammation is associated with increased HIV risk. We previously found that endocervical Tregs correlated with decreased genital inflammation and reduced HIV target cells. IL-2 induces Tregs, and efforts to potentiate its regulatory activities clinically are ongoing. In this study, intraperitoneal administration of … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Aug 18:S1933-0219(25)00085-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.08.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Lipid mediators play important, yet poorly understood roles in regulating immune responses. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a herpesvirus that persists in mucosal tissues. Prior work suggests that leukotrienes, a class of inflammatory lipid mediators, contribute to viral control. Infection with murine (M)CMV altered leukotriene … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Aug 16:S1933-0219(25)00087-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.08.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Clostridioides difficile colonizes the gastrointestinal tract and secretes two virulence factors: toxin A (TcdA) and toxin B (TcdB). Protective immunity against C. difficile infection is limited as patients are susceptible to multiple rounds of recurrent infections. The factors determining whether immunity to TcdA … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Aug 15:S1933-0219(25)00088-1. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.08.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Transcriptional programming needed for CD4 T cell immunity against influenza A virus (IAV) is unclear. Most antiviral CD4 T cells fit Th1 criteria, but cells unable to develop Th1 identity, through deletion of the transcription factors T-bet and Eomesodermin, remain protective. These double … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Aug 13:S1933-0219(25)00084-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.08.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT GPR15 is a homing receptor important for T cell migration to the large intestine, the primary site of inflammation in ulcerative colitis. Both GPR15 and its ligand, C10ORF99, represent potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of IBD; however, the roles of C10ORF99 in … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Aug 13:S1933-0219(25)00086-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.08.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Desmosomes play an underexplored role in intestinal homeostasis and are linked to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. We found a novel function of the desmosomal plaque protein Plakoglobin (JUP) in initiating the innate immune response to facilitate intestinal inflammation. Tissue samples from … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Aug;18(4):1003. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.003. Epub 2025 Aug 5. NO ABSTRACT PMID:40774771 | DOI:10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.003

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jul 26:S1933-0219(25)00077-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.07.006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The nasal, oropharyngeal, and bronchial mucosa are primary contact points for airborne pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), SARS-CoV-2, and influenza virus. While mucosal surfaces can function as both entry points and barriers to infection, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT) facilitate early immune responses to … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jul 22:S1933-0219(25)00078-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.07.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The nasal cavity is the entry site for respiratory viruses. Understanding how the nasal cavity sustains memory CD8+ T cell is essential for improving respiratory virus management and vaccine development. Here, we sampled CD8+ T cells from the upper nasal turbinate and peripheral … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jul 20:S1933-0219(25)00073-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.07.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Advancements in vaccination and sanitation have significantly reduced the prevalence and burden of infectious diseases; however, these benefits have coincided with a marked rise in autoimmune and allergic disorders. Recent studies have investigated these linked trends through the lens of host-microbiome alterations, proposing … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jul 19:S1933-0219(25)00075-3. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.07.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Apolipoprotein E (APOE) expressed by macrophages modulates allergic inflammation and remodeling of the lower airway. However, its expression and functions in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) remain unclear. We sought to investigate the involvement of macrophage derived APOE in the pathogenesis of … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jul 17:S1933-0219(25)00076-5. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.07.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Intraepithelial lymphocytes expressing the γδ T cell receptor (γδ IEL) provide continuous surveillance of the intestinal epithelium. We report that mice harboring a microbiota-specific hyperproliferative γδ IEL (γδHYP) phenotype also upregulate the expression of the ectonucleotidase CD39, a marker of regulatory γδ T … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jul 16:S1933-0219(25)00074-1. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.07.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Alveolar macrophages (AMs) and dendritic cells (DCs) are the two major types of primary innate immune cells in allergic asthma and their functions were elaborately regulated during the progression of asthma. Tripartite motif-containing protein 33 (TRIM33) is a multifunctional protein that regulates differentiation … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jul 10:S1933-0219(25)00072-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.07.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a mucosal infection predominantly caused by Candida albicans, affecting over three-quarters of immunocompetent women worldwide. While the female genital tract mucosa is the primary defense against the fungus, the specific immune mechanisms involved in this host-pathogen interaction remain largely … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jul 2:S1933-0219(25)00070-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.010. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Patients with autoimmune diseases are more susceptible to foodborne infections, which can be exacerbated by immunosuppressive therapy. Tofacitinib, a JAK/STAT pathway inhibitor, was recently approved for the treatment of ulcerative colitis, yet its effects on the pathogenesis of intestinal infections remain unclear. Here, … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jul 1:S1933-0219(25)00071-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.011. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Macrophages play essential roles in immune defense and tissue homeostasis, but the mechanisms underlying their colonization in the gut mucosa remain incompletely understood. Here, we identify CSF1, primarily derived from fibroblasts, as the dominant factor maintaining mucosal macrophage colonization, whereas IL-34 deficiency alone … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 27:S1933-0219(25)00068-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.008. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Poorly controlled diabetes significantly transforms periodontal disease from manageable to advanced, affecting millions worldwide, yet the mechanisms driving this destructive synergy remain unclear. To investigate these pathological interactions, we generated single-cell RNA sequencing profiles of diabetic periodontal tissue, revealing γδ T-cells as previously … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 27:S1933-0219(25)00069-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.009. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:40582571 | DOI:10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.009

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 24:S1933-0219(25)00067-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Desmosomes are junctional complexes that confer mechanical strength and enhance barrier protection at mucosal epithelial surfaces by anchoring intermediate filaments to plasma membrane. These roles are best defined in cutaneous epithelium, but we previously identified lower levels of the desmosomal cadherins desmoglein-1 (DSG1) … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 13:S1933-0219(25)00066-2. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Maternal exposure to environmental change during pregnancy is a critical determinant of offspring health and disease. Previous epidemiological studies have reported that maternal inflammation is linked to an increased incidence of postnatal allergy in offspring, although the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 12:S1933-0219(25)00065-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Numerous studies have shown that tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells form in the intestine following pathogen clearance. However, most knowledge of intestinal TRM cells has derived from analyses restricted to the small intestine (SI). In contrast, less is known about TRM cell formation … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 10:S1933-0219(25)00064-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Intestinal epithelial cells need to be able to launch a quick and adequate immune response against pathogens, while tolerating commensals. This delicate balance requires a tight control over the activation of the NFκB and Interferon pathways to prevent chronic inflammation. Simultaneously, intestinal stem … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 9:S1933-0219(25)00055-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.05.009. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with autoimmune features and malignant transformation risk, lacking a definitive treatment, with CD4+ T cells being pivotal in its pathogenesis. Dysbiosis, an imbalance in the microbiome, is linked to various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 7:S1933-0219(25)00058-3. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Chronic gastrointestinal diseases are a significant global health burden that can require the use of gastrointestinal-cleansing regimens for diagnostics or therapeutic treatment. These regimens are beneficial for facilitating surgical preparation, drug delivery, colorectal cancer screenings, and personal use is common among proponents of … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 5:S1933-0219(25)00057-1. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.06.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT As professional and long-lived immunoglobulin (Ig) producers, B cells represent attractive candidates for adoptive immunotherapy and their highly expressed Ig heavy (IgH) chain locus is ideal for editing. Each of its constant genes, expressed after class switch recombination (CSR), affords an attractive platform … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Jun 4:S1933-0219(25)00056-X. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.05.008. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Intestinal fibrosis is one of the most threatening complications of Crohn’s disease (CD). Although our previous study identified the profibrotic role of amphiregulin (AREG) in intestinal fibrosis, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 May 30:S1933-0219(25)00054-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.05.007. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT A principal reason for the high global morbidity and mortality of tuberculosis (TB) is the lack of efficacy of the only licensed TB vaccine, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), as intradermal BCG does not induce local pulmonary immune memory. Animal studies have shown that inhalation … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 May 25:S1933-0219(25)00053-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.05.006. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT IL-17-producing lymphocytes are involved in both tissue repair and the propagation of inflammation, with their effects highly context-dependent. Mucosal-Associated-Invariant-T-cells (MAIT), a subset of innate-like T cells with features of both Th1 and Th17 lineages, are increasingly recognized for their roles in mucosal immunity. … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 May 23:S1933-0219(25)00052-2. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.05.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Inflammatory chemokine receptors CCR1/2/3/5 (iCCRs) play an important role in the recruitment of immune cells involved in innate immune functions and orchestrating the adaptive immune response. Here we utilise an influenza A virus (IAV) challenge to investigate the combinatorial roles of the iCCRs … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 May 19:S1933-0219(25)00050-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.05.003. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The REG/Reg gene locus encodes a conserved family of potent antimicrobial but also pancreatitis-associated proteins. Here we investigated whether REG/Reg family members differ in their baseline expression levels and abilities to be regulated in the pancreas and gut upon perturbations. We found, in … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 May 16:S1933-0219(25)00051-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.05.004. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Helminth infections affect billions of people worldwide and cause substantial morbidity. Intestinal helminth infection provokes Type 2 inflammation orchestrated by CD4+ T helper type 2 (Th2) cells. Th2 cells cooperate with group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) to produce interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 May 14:S1933-0219(25)00049-2. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.05.002. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The parasite Cryptosporidium is a leading cause of diarrhea and death in malnourished children and immunocompromised individuals and an important enteric pathogen of livestock. A mucosal vaccine to mitigate clinical disease and decrease transmission would address the public health impact of this organism, … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 May 10:S1933-0219(25)00048-0. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.05.001. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus is a significant cause of pulmonary infections, but existing mouse models fail to recapitulate human-specific responses. In this study, we developed a novel mouse model of S. aureus infection using humanized mice implanted with autologous fetal lung tissue. We show that … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 May 3:S1933-0219(25)00047-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.04.009. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Dyslipidemia, characterized by altered lipid profiles, influences host immune responses against infections, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). While the effects of dyslipidemia on conventional T cell responses are well documented, its impact on group 1-CD1 restricted T cells, a distinct subset of lipid antigen-specific … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 May 2:S1933-0219(25)00046-7. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.04.008. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Influenza A virus (IAV) infections trigger asthma attacks and cause airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in murine models. However, the mechanism by which AHR is induced remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we show that targeting the interleukin (IL)-33 suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) receptor … Read more

Mucosal Immunol. 2025 Apr 25:S1933-0219(25)00043-1. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2025.04.005. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Pregnancies rely upon the balance between fetal and maternal immune systems. Employing imaging mass cytometry, this study creates a spatial map landscape to unravel the cellular dynamics within the placental villi (PV). Consistent with previous data we report structural remodeling in PV, highlighted … Read more