Gut-derived indole propionic acid alleviates liver fibrosis by targeting profibrogenic macrophages via the gut‒liver axis
Cellular & Molecular Immunology, Published online: 08 September 2025; doi:10.1038/s41423-025-01339-xGut-derived indole propionic acid alleviates liver fibrosis by targeting profibrogenic macrophages via the gut‒liver axis