Genetic drivers of tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy resistance in non-small cell lung cancer: the role of KEAP1, SMARCA4, and PTEN mutations

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in shaping the response to immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized NSCLC treatment, a significant proportion of patients e…

Artificial intelligence-based digital pathology using H&E-stained whole slide images in immuno-oncology: from immune biomarker detection to immunotherapy response prediction

Immuno-oncology and the advent of immunotherapies, in particular immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), have fundamentally altered the way we treat cancer. Yet only a small subset of patients actually responds to ICIs, and many face significant adverse …

Tumor organoids in immunotherapy: from disease modeling to translational research

Tumor organoids have emerged as transformative tools in cancer research, enabling the study of tumor biology and immunology in a physiologically relevant, three-dimensional in vitro environment. Derived from patient tumor samples, these self-organizin…

Tumor glyco-immunology, glyco-immune checkpoints and immunotherapy

Immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibition, has transformed the prognosis of many patients with cancer. However, most patients have primary or secondary resistant tumors to currently available cancer immunotherapies. Changes in glycosylatio…

Exploring the tumor microenvironment in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: immunological insights and therapeutic challenges

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a rare and highly aggressive pediatric brain tumor with a median survival of less than 12 months. The tumor arises in the pons, making surgical resection unfeasible and limiting treatment options to palliativ…

Intentional heterogeneity in autologous cell-based gene therapies: strategic considerations for first-in-human trials

Cell-based gene therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor-T, T-cell receptor-T, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies, have transformed the treatment landscape for certain cancers, yet their efficacy in solid tumors remains limited. Next-ge…

CAR-T cell therapy in older adults with relapsed/refractory LBCL: benefits and challenges

Patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (r/r DLBCL) have poor prognosis with a high unmet need for efficacious treatment options. Most patients with r/r large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) are elderly, which adds to the complexity …

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