Over the last decades, a growing number of distinct CD4+T helper cells has been identified and our understanding of CD4+T cell differentiation and function in various disease contexts has increased immensely. It has long been thought that the role of …
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) has shown remarkable success in the treatment of some malignancies, particularly leukemia. However, there are multiple factors that limit the durability of ACT in solid tumors, including dose-limiting toxicities, the immuno…
Clinical trials of immunotherapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) have largely been unsuccessful despite promising preclinical studies and proven efficacy in other solid tumors. These disappointing clinical outcomes have been…
The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has revolutionized the treatment of many solid tumors including advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without targetable driver alterations. Unfortunately, the majority of patients with NSCL…
The proper functioning of the immune system requires an adequate balance between myeloid and lymphoid populations. Tumor growth alters this balance, also through the dramatic expansion of immunosuppressive myeloid populations, which block specific imm…
Children and adults diagnosed with malignancies that are not curable in 2025 with surgery alone require multimodal therapy. For decades, this has included radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. This approach can be curative for many patients with cert…
Glioblastoma (GBM) remains the most lethal primary brain cancer with a median survival of under 2 years despite current best treatment practices. Early immunotherapies, including checkpoint blockade and vaccines, showed safety and immunogenicity but n…
Almost every successful anticancer treatment has been preceded by preclinical scientific breakthroughs that encouraged clinical development. However, therapeutic strategies showing promising preclinical results often fail to confirm activity in clinic…
Myeloid cells are a diverse group of immune cell types with systemic and organ-specific functions. Myeloid cells are frequently found in the tumor microenvironment and their infiltration correlates with survival and response to treatment. High myeloid…
The role of type I interferon (IFN) in mediating tumor immunosurveillance, in situ vaccination, and response to other cancer immunotherapies is well established. The biologic and species-specific differences between type I IFN family members have not …
