Background
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has emerged as a transformative modality in the treatment of patients with cancer. However, it is increasingly evident that this therapeutic approach is not without its challenges. The unique n…
Oxidative stress, that is, an unbalanced increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), contributes to tumor-induced immune suppression and limits the efficacy of immunotherapy. Cancer cells have inherently increased ROS production, intracellularly throug…
Glioma evolution is governed by a multitude of dynamic interactions between tumor cells and heterogenous neighboring, non-cancerous cells. This complex ecosystem, termed the tumor microenvironment (TME), includes diverse immune cell types that have ga…
Immune checkpoint blockade, which enhances the reactivity of T cells to eliminate cancer cells, has emerged as a potent strategy in cancer therapy. Besides T cells, natural killer (NK) cells also play an indispensable role in tumor surveillance and de…
Immuno-oncology has transformed the treatment of cancer, with several immunotherapies becoming the standard treatment across histologies. Despite these advancements, the majority of patients do not experience durable clinical benefits, highlighting th…
The importance of the immune system in regulating tumor growth by inducing immune cell-mediated cytotoxicity associated with patients’ outcomes has been highlighted in the past years by an increasing life expectancy in patients with cancer on tr…
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have transformed the management of cancer, particularly for older adults, who constitute a majority of the global cancer patient population. This study aimed to assess the inclusion, characteristics, and reporting of…
Therapies targeting the programmed cell death protein-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) (abbreviated as PD-(L)1) axis are a significant advancement in the treatment of many tumor types. However, many patients receiving these agents fail to respond o…
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed cancer treatment, improving outcomes for many patients. However, toxicities termed immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are limitations of these revolutionary treatments. These irAEs may resolve wi…
Cytokines are small proteins that regulate the growth and functional activity of immune cells, and several have been approved for cancer therapy. Oncolytic viruses are agents that mediate antitumor activity by directly killing tumor cells and inducing…
