Background
The treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM), a leading cause of mortality in patients with colorectal cancer, is complicated by type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aimed to investigate the CRLM immune microenvironment in the co…
Background
Immunotherapy approaches based on T cells provided breakthroughs in cancer treatment but could cause many immune-related adverse events, and their efficacy is limited for many cancers with an acquired dysfunction/exhaustion of T cells. The …
CKLF (chemokine-like factor)-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing family member 4 (CMTM4), belonging to the CMTM family of transmembrane domain proteins, plays a significant role in the initiation, progression, and metastasis of cancer. Neverth…
Background
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by a desmoplastic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), limiting the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1).
Methods
This …
Background
PTEN-deficient glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), therapeutic resistance, and poor prognosis. Emerging evidence suggests that dysregulation of the endogenous retrovirus (ERV)-MAVS-IFN p…
Background Experimental mouse models are indispensable for the preclinical development of cancer immunotherapies, whereby complex interactions in the tumor microenvironment can be somewhat replicated. Despite the availability of diverse models, thei…
