Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Jun 7;95:102568. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102568. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Once believed to be limited in its impact on the brain, the immune system is now recognized as a potent modulator of the brain and behavior. This review explores the evolving understanding of the brain-immune axis, highlighting the role of immune cells … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Jun 4;95:102584. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102584. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Immune tolerance is essential for preventing self-damage while maintaining effective immune responses against foreign insults. Disruptions in this balance contribute to autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, including neuroimmunological disorders that are characterized by aberrant inflammation in the nervous system. Follicular regulatory T (TFR) … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Jun 4;95:102579. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102579. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: To provide an overview of animal models and mechanisms of autoimmune encephalitides associated with autoantibodies against neuronal surface antigens. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Currently, 18 encephalitides are known to be mediated by cell-surface autoantibodies, with 16 targeting neuronal proteins or … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 May 31;95:102582. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102582. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The maintenance of peripheral tolerance depends on various regulatory mechanisms. Thus, the breakdown of self-tolerance leads to the development of autoimmunity. Although the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases is complex, they are primarily antibody mediated. Notably, autoreactive antibodies are detectable in ∼70% of … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 May 30;95:102583. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102583. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that affects approximately 1%-3% of the global population. The advent of biologic therapies has markedly improved the management of moderate-to-severe cases. While the efficacy and safety of these novel agents are well documented, many patients … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 May 31;95:102581. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102581. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that poses a serious threat to human physical and mental health. Its main clinical features include itching, lichenification, and dry skin. The etiology of AD is not yet fully understood, and its pathogenesis … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 May 30;95:102580. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102580. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Vitiligo, characterized by epidermal melanocytes loss causing skin depigmentation, affects millions globally. This review explores its pathogenesis, emphasizing the role of epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modification, noncoding RNAs, chromatin remodeling, and 3D genome regulation. These mechanisms interact with genetic … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 May 30;95:102578. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102578. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The wide spectrum of Sjögren’s disease (SjD) clinical manifestations coupled with its multifaceted pathogenesis has complicated drug target development, optimal clinical trial design, identification of suitable SjD subgroups, selection of appropriate outcome measures, and interpretation of treatment efficacy. Despite recent advancements in … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 May 30;95:102577. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102577. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle fatigability caused by autoantibodies targeting components of the neuromuscular junction, primarily the acetylcholine receptor (AChR). In AChR-MG, the thymus plays a central role as the initiating site of sensitization, fostering a highly … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 May 27;95:102569. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102569. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Prevention remains a critical goal to improve quality of life, given the chronic nature of allergic conditions and the interplay between them contributing to the atopic march. In this review, we will highlight key novel approaches to preventing allergic disease using a … Read more