Current Opinion in Immunology

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Apr 20;100:102770. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102770. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by thrombosis, microvascular disease, pregnancy morbidity, or non-thrombotic manifestations in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies. The mechanistic differentiation of these clinical phenotypes has diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Across APS phenotypes, a shared set of … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Apr 16;100:102777. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102777. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Immunosenescence is a multidimensional remodeling of immunity, characterized by inflammaging, cellular senescence, T-cell exhaustion, and thymic involution, that raises infection and disease risk with age. Emerging evidence, notably from centenarians, shows immune aging follows divergent trajectories: rather than a uniform decline, extreme … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Apr 16;100:102779. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102779. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Multiple sets of classification/diagnostic criteria have been revised recently in rheumatology, with issues from why to how they were developed coming to light. These issues range from the worse specificity of the new sets of criteria to methodological issues in their development, … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Apr 16;100:102778. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102778. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Observational studies serve as a critical alternative when randomized trials are precluded by ethical concerns, high costs, or the need for rapid evidence-based hypothesis generation. Increasing reliance on routinely collected observational data (electronic health records, registries, and claims) has been accompanied by … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Apr 15;100:102775. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102775. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) presents ongoing challenges in understanding its pathogenesis, standardizing diagnostic tests, and optimizing treatment strategies. The 18th International Congress on Antiphospholipid Antibodies (ICAPA) was held in Kyoto in September 2025. This narrative meeting wrap-up summarizes selected highlights from the Congress … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Apr 14;100:102774. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102774. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disorder with a pathogenesis that includes aberrant interactions between the innate and adaptive immune systems. Dominant pathogenetic axes include the type I interferon pathway and loss of tolerance in B cell/plasma cell development with … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Apr 13;100:102773. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102773. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Autoimmune and primary immunodeficiency disorders represent a growing global health burden influenced by a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and socioeconomic factors. This paper offers a geoepidemiological analysis of these conditions, highlighting regional differences in incidence, diagnosis, and outcomes. Immunodeficiencies such as … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Apr 8;100:102776. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102776. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning are widely promoted as transformative tools for medical practice, yet their impact in daily rheumatology remains limited. This review examines the gap between expectations and reality using historical parallels, conceptual considerations, and recent methodological evidence. Experiences … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Apr 8;100:102772. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102772. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT This paper reviews the historical development, pathogenesis, and nomenclature of Sjögren’s syndrome and critiques the recently proposed term ‘Sjögren’s disease’. Early clinical observations gradually defined the disorder as a systemic condition characterized by sicca symptoms and frequent extraglandular involvement. Advances in immunology … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Apr 7;100:102771. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102771. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Identified in the 1990s as the primary target of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI) remains a central focus in hematology and immunology. Anti-β2GPI antibodies are important not only for diagnosing APS but also play a key role … Read more