Mucosal Immunol. 2026 Jun 22:100365. doi: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.100365. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
Adaptive immune responses, including B and T cell responses, play important roles in establishing and maintaining the mutualistic relationship between the host and intestinal microbiota. Host-microbiota mutualism is disrupted in various immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, including Crohn’s disease (CD). Aberrant inflammatory memory CD4+ T cell responses contribute to disease chronicity in CD. One of the few identified microbial targets of the CD-associated immune response that has been extensively studied is Lachnospiraceae-derived flagellin protein. In this review, we provide an overview of current knowledge on innate, B, and T cell responses against Lachnospiraceae-derived flagellins in health and disease. We discuss the circumstances and immunological mechanisms that underlie these responses, as well as their clinical significance and potential as therapeutic targets.
PMID:42331327 | DOI:10.1016/j.mucimm.2026.100365