Background
Mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS), a central adaptor in cytosolic RNA sensing, is critical for antitumor innate immunity and maintains mitochondrial homeostasis via its mitochondrial localization. Mitochondrial dysfunction ac…
Introduction
Understanding the negative regulatory mechanisms of immune cell functions is essential for developing effective tumor immunotherapy strategies. Macrophages play a crucial role in antitumor immunity; however, the mechanisms that negatively…
Background
CCR4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are widely present in peripheral circulation and tumor microenvironment (TME), promote tumor immune evasion by infiltrating human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) tumors in a chemok…
Background
Stem-like progenitor exhausted CD8+ T cells (TPEX), located within the tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs), are responsible for maintaining tumor-specific responses in cancer. Although cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-15 are known to expan…
Background
Osteosarcoma patients with high propensity for metastasis and recurrence generally encounter a poor prognosis. Despite the extensive exploration of immunotherapy, particularly the anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) antibody, i…
Background
The immunomodulatory roles of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in gastric cancer have been increasingly recognized. This study aimed to identify specific CAF subpopulations and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying their immunosuppress…
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) progression is shaped by the tumor microenvironment, particularly tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which often adopt immunosuppressive functions. CD300e, a myeloid receptor involved in immune regulation, has an u…
Background
Bone metastasis (BM) drives therapeutic resistance and mortality in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Tumor metabolites are crucial for NPC metastasis; however, the mechanisms by which these metabolites synergistically alter the immune microe…
Background
Intratumoral vaccines offer a promising avenue in cancer immunotherapy by harnessing the tumor microenvironment to stimulate immune responses. However, challenges persist in maximizing their effectiveness and addressing immune suppression w…
Background
Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist drugs can induce expression of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) and proinflammatory cytokine production aimed to enhance antitumor immunity. The purpose of the current study was to determine …
