Respiratory complex I regulates dendritic cell maturation in explant model of human tumor immune microenvironment

Background
Combining cytotoxic chemotherapy or novel anticancer drugs with T-cell modulators holds great promise in treating advanced cancers. However, the response varies depending on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Therefore, there is a cl…

Autologous human preclinical modeling of melanoma interpatient clinical responses to immunotherapeutics

Background
Despite recent advances in immunotherapy, a substantial population of late-stage melanoma patients still fail to achieve sustained clinical benefit. Lack of translational preclinical models continues to be a major challenge in the field of …

Longitudinal analysis of PD-L1 expression in patients with relapsed NSCLC

Background
The use and approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) depends on PD-L1 expression in the tumor tissue. Nevertheless, PD-L1 often fails to predict response to treatment. One possible exp…

Therapeutic inhibition of monocyte recruitment prevents checkpoint inhibitor-induced hepatitis

Background
Checkpoint inhibitor-induced hepatitis (CPI-hepatitis) is an emerging problem with the widening use of CPIs in cancer immunotherapy. Here, we developed a mouse model to characterize the mechanism of CPI-hepatitis and to therapeutically targ…

Poor clinical outcomes and immunoevasive contexture in CD161+CD8+ T cells barren human pancreatic cancer

Background
The role of CD161 expression on CD8+ T cells in tumor immunology has been explored in a few studies, and the clinical significance of CD161+CD8+ T cells in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. This study seeks to clarify…

Impact of immunotherapy time-of-day infusion on survival and immunologic correlates in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a multicenter cohort analysis

Background
Recent studies have demonstrated that earlier time-of-day infusion of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is associated with longer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) among patients with metastatic melanoma and non-sm…

Targeting refractory/recurrent neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma with anti-CD3xanti-GD2 bispecific antibody armed T cells

Background
The survival benefit observed in children with neuroblastoma (NB) and minimal residual disease who received treatment with anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies prompted our investigation into the safety and potential clinical benefits of anti-CD3…

Efficacy, safety, and biomarker analyses of bintrafusp alfa, a bifunctional fusion protein targeting TGF-{beta} and PD-L1, in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Background
Bintrafusp alfa, a first-in-class bifunctional fusion protein targeting transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and programmed cell death ligand 1, has demonstrated encouraging efficacy as second-line treatment in patients with non-s…

Pembrolizumab versus placebo as adjuvant therapy in resected stage IIB or IIC melanoma: Outcomes in histopathologic subgroups from the randomized, double-blind, phase 3 KEYNOTE-716 trial

Background
Adjuvant pembrolizumab significantly improved recurrence-free survival (RFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) versus placebo in the phase 3 KEYNOTE-716 study of resected stage IIB or IIC melanoma. At the prespecified third interi…

Modified FOLFOX6 plus bevacizumab with and without nivolumab for first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: phase 2 results from the CheckMate 9X8 randomized clinical trial

Background
Standard first-line therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) include fluoropyrimidine-containing regimens with oxaliplatin and/or irinotecan and a biologic agent. Immunotherapy may enhance antitumor activity in combination with sta…

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