CD155 blockade enhances allogeneic natural killer cell-mediated antitumor response against osteosarcoma

Background
Allogeneic bone marrow transplant (alloBMT) is curative for hematologic malignancies through the graft-versus-tumor (GVT) effect but has been ineffective for solid tumors like osteosarcoma (OS). OS expresses CD155 which interacts strongly w…

CD40L stimulates tumor-infiltrating B-cells and improves ex vivo TIL expansion

Background
Adoptive transfer of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) is now a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved treatment for melanoma. While this is a major milestone, there is room for improvement to increase clinical response rates and to…

Potency-optimized CD28-activating bispecific antibody for the targeted treatment of Nectin-4 positive cancers

Background
T-cell costimulation is crucial for an effective and sustained antitumor immune response, and inadequate expression of costimulatory ligands within tumors can impair T-cell function. Bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) targeting a tumor-associate…

Flagellin engineering enhances CAR-T cell function by reshaping tumor microenvironment in solid tumors

Background
Adoptive cell therapy using genetically engineered chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells is a new type of immunotherapy that directs T cells to target cancer specifically. Although CAR-T therapy has achieved significant clinical efficacy …

IL-12-producing cytokine factories induce precursor exhausted T cells and elimination of primary and metastatic tumors

Background
Curative responses to immunotherapy require the generation of robust systemic immunity with limited toxicity. Recruitment of T cell populations such as precursor exhausted T cells (Tpex) from lymphoid tissues to tumors is a hallmark of effe…

Long-term follow-up of BCMA CAR-T cell therapy in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma

Background
B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeting chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapy has shown promising results in the treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (R/RMM). This study presents the updated long-term outco…

Selective activation of interleukin-2/interleukin-15 receptor signaling in tumor microenvironment using paired bispecific antibodies

Background
Owing to their roles in promoting T cell and natural killer (NK) cell activation and proliferation, interleukins-2 (IL-2) and interleukins-15 (IL-15) have been pursued as promising pathways to target in cancer immunotherapy. Nonetheless, th…

Leucine-rich {alpha}-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) during inflammatory complications after allogeneic stem cell transplantation and CAR-T cell therapy

Background
Previous data indicated that the leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) pathway contributes to vascular dysfunction during cancer growth. Therapeutic targeting of LRG1 normalized tumor vessel dysfunction and enhanced the efficacy of a…

Optimization of Adcitmer, a Monomethyl-Auristatin E bearing antibody-drug conjugate for the treatment of CD56-expressing cancers

The cell adhesion protein CD56 has been identified as a potential therapeutic target in several solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Recently, we developed a CD56-directed antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), called Adcitmer and demonstrated its ant…

Potent and durable control of mesothelin-expressing tumors by a novel T cell-secreted bi-specific engager

Background
The glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored cell surface protein mesothelin (MSLN) shows elevated expression in many malignancies and is an established clinical-stage target for antibody-directed therapeutic strategies. Of these, the harnessi…

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