Cancer Immunology Reserch

MERTK inhibition cooperates with immunomodulatory cyclophosphamide to induce CXCL9⁺ monocyte-macrophage programming and durable antitumor immunity in triple negative breast cancer

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Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Aug 17. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-26-0278. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has high rates of recurrence despite chemotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) can either suppress or support antitumor immunity, but the mechanisms governing these states and therapeutic targets remain unclear. Here, integrating public scRNAseq datasets … Read more

TIM3 blockade with hypomethylating therapy restores NK-cell and cytotoxic CD4+ T-cell activity in patients with AML or MDS

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Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Aug 14. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-26-0160. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Occasional complete responses to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy demonstrate that acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) can be immune-sensitive when appropriately targeted. Here, we analyzed AML/MDS patients (n=14) treated with the anti-TIM3 sabatolimab and the hypomethylating agent decitabine in a … Read more

Immune checkpoint blockade sensitivity is linked to endogenous retroelement transcriptional changes in cancer

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Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Aug 13. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-26-0365. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Endogenous retrotransposable elements (EREs) can modulate immune responses. We explored ERE transcription in relation to response to immune checkpoint inhibition in advanced solid tumors. ERE expression was measured in pre and on-treatment samples from patients treated in a clinical trial with pembrolizumab. … Read more

Single-cell profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in diverse men with prostate cancer reveals a fatal disease-associated immune signature

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Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Aug 13. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-26-0126. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Alterations in peripheral immunity may contribute to fatal prostate cancer and the excessive disease burden among African American (AA) men. Thus, we investigated peripheral immunity in prostate cancer patients in association with disease outcome and AA descent. We performed single-cell RNA and … Read more

H2AFY2 suppresses exhaustion and enhances antitumor activity of CAR-T cells through transcriptional and epigenetic modifications

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Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Aug 11. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-25-1334. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell exhaustion constitutes a critical barrier to sustained antitumor efficacy. Through transcriptomic analysis of CAR-T cells from patients with lymphoma, we identified the histone variant macroH2A2 (H2AFY2) as a critical regulator of T cell exhaustion-a finding consistently observed … Read more

The pre-treatment tumor microenvironment immune status determines Bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy response in early-stage bladder cancer

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Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Aug 11. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-25-1445. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the standard adjuvant therapy for early-stage bladder cancer (BCa), based on its immunostimulatory activity. However, over half of patients experience BCG failure and subsequent recurrence. The heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment may influence BCG response, however this relationship … Read more

Meditope-Enabled Chimeric Antigen Receptors Facilitate Plug-and-Play Control of T Cells

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Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Aug 4. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-25-1285. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have transformed cancer treatment, yet challenges for achieving broader clinical success remain, including overcoming tumor antigen heterogeneity and limited T-cell fitness. To address these challenges and enhance CAR T-cell functionality, we leveraged meditope technology, a lock-and-key … Read more

Immune hallmarks of recurrent immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated inflammatory arthritis

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Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Jul 31. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-25-1639. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is often associated with immune-related adverse events including inflammatory arthritis (ICI-IA). However, the mechanisms underlying ICI-IA, especially its recurrence, are not well understood. In this study, we sought to elucidate mechanisms of recurrent ICI-IA by analyzing longitudinal … Read more

Periductal Fibroblast Density Defines Lymphocyte Exclusion via a CD44-Dependent Stromal Checkpoint in Pancreatic Cancer

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Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Jul 24. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-25-1481. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) exhibits dense fibrosis and immune exclusion. While fibrosis has been studied globally and at the region-of-interest level, its impact on stromal-ductal architecture and immune cell localization remains unknown. Here, we establish cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-stratified ductal spatial architecture as … Read more

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