Cancer Immunology Reserch

VSIG4 restricts hepatocellular carcinoma control by suppressing tumor-specific CD8+ T cell immunity in the tumor microenvironment

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Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Feb 25. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-25-0836. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Immunotherapies have revolutionized the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet their response rates remain limited, highlighting the need for new therapeutic targets. In this study, we found that VSIG4 (V-set and immunoglobulin domain containing 4) is predominantly expressed by macrophages in both … Read more

Engineered CCR7 overexpression enhances nodal CAR-T cell homing and cytotoxicity toward B cell lymphoma

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Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Feb 24. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-25-1381. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy demonstrated remarkable efficacy against hematological malignancies. However, B cell malignancies with lymph node (LN) involvement frequently remain resistant. Here, we show that CAR T cells downregulated the chemokine receptor CCR7, crucial for nodal homing, during manufacturing. … Read more

Baseline tumor features and systemic immune dynamics underlying efficacy in MSS metastatic colorectal cancer treated with regorafenib, ipilimumab, and nivolumab

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Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Feb 20. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-25-0243. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Microsatellite-stable metastatic colorectal cancer (MSS mCRC) remains resistant to conventional immunotherapies. In a phase I trial, we observed encouraging efficacy of the combination of regorafenib, ipilimumab, and nivolumab (RIN), with a 27.6% overall response rate and a median overall survival of 20 … Read more

Potent cytotoxic tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes can be generated from immune-excluded chondrosarcomas using regulatable membrane-bound IL15

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Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Feb 20. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-25-1016. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) cell therapy is showing promising efficacy against immunologically “hot” tumors such as melanoma, cervical cancer, and renal cancer. However, generation of tumoricidal TIL from cold tumors with a low tumor mutational burden, such as many sarcoma types, poses … Read more

CLK1 Promotes Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Trafficking and Reprograms the Tumor Microenvironment by activating Hippo/YAP signaling in Colorectal Cancer

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Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Feb 13. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-25-0766. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy characterized by complex interactions between tumor cells and the immune system. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in CRC progression and response to therapy. However, the mechanisms regulating TME composition remain poorly … Read more

Ex vivo expansion of melanoma tumor infiltrating lymphocytes leads to a dominant exhausted T cell population with lack of memory markers

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Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Feb 13. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-25-0798. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can be isolated from patient tumors, greatly expanded ex vivo, and returned to the patient for therapeutic effect. Recent clinical trials have highlighted the efficacy of TILs for a subset of patients and supported FDA approval for melanoma. … Read more

Targeted Lipid Nanoparticle Delivery of FAP-CAR mRNA Enables Potent In Vivo T-Cell Engineering Against Pancreatic Tumors

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Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Feb 13. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-25-0663. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Fibroblast activation protein (FAP), which is highly expressed on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), is a promising therapeutic target to achieve normalization of the tumor microenvironment. We previously established an ex vivo retroviral-transduced FAP-specific chimeric antigen receptor (FAP-CAR) T-cell approach to deplete FAP+ CAFs … Read more

The presence of CD11c+ B cells with potent effector memory phenotype in lung adenocarcinoma correlates with overall patient survival

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Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Feb 13. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-25-0635. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Tumor-infiltrating B lymphocytes (TIL-Bs) are increasingly recognized as favorable prognostic markers in multiple cancer types and the mechanisms underlying this are being actively investigated. In this study of TIL-Bs, we identified CD79A as a reliable quantifier of B lymphocytes and evaluated transcriptomic … Read more

WTX-124, a Conditionally Activated Wild-Type IL2, Maximizes the Therapeutic Index of IL2, Unlike “Non-Alpha” Muteins

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Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Feb 13:OF1-OF16. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-25-0558. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT High-dose interleukin 2 (HD IL2) produces durable responses in patients with advanced cancer, but its use is limited by life-threatening toxicities such as vascular leak syndrome (VLS). To improve the therapeutic index for IL2, a class of IL2 molecules has been engineered … Read more

Up-regulation of an epithelial miRNA is associated with immune evasion in progressive bronchial premalignant lesions

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Cancer Immunol Res. 2026 Feb 11. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-25-0431. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Bronchial premalignant lesions (PMLs), precursors of lung squamous cell carcinoma, have distinct molecular subtypes. The proliferative subtype, enriched with bronchial dysplasia, had decreased expression of an antigen processing/presentation gene co-expression module in progressive/persistent versus regressive PMLs, suggesting a functional impact of these … Read more

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