Current Opinion in Immunology

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Sep 19;103:102840. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102840. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The progressive elucidation of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) pathogenesis has led to growing interest in biomarkers to support diagnosis, subset classification, detection of subclinical inflammation, and/or prediction of disease course and therapeutic response (theragnostic biomarkers). JIA management in clinical practice currently follows … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Sep 18;103:102841. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102841. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Over recent years, innovative trial methodologies have been increasingly developed to address important limitations of conventional randomized controlled trials, which may require large sample sizes, entail prolonged development timelines, and offer limited flexibility to incorporate emerging evidence as a study progresses. Master … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Sep 17;103:102838. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102838. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Cells are highly compartmentalized entities composed of membranous and nonmembranous structures, where organelles such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes, peroxisomes, endosomes, and plasma membrane are organized. The plasma membrane physically and functionally connects the cytoplasm to the … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Sep 17;103:102842. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102842. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterised by thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity associated with persistent antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Beyond the criteria antibodies, non-criteria aPL, particularly antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin (aPS/PT), have emerged as clinically relevant aPL in the diagnosis of APS. aPS/PT antibodies, especially IgG, are strongly … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Sep 10;103:102834. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102834. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication of juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM). Data on its clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes remain limited. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the literature on MAS occurring in patients with JDM. METHODS: A … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Sep 10;103:102839. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102839. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) in childhood is a rare but severe condition associated with significant morbidity and treatment-related toxicity. Current therapies mainly rely on high-dose glucocorticoids and conventional immunosuppressants, which may cause substantial long-term adverse effects in pediatric patients. Advances … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Sep 8;103:102837. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102837. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:42715888 | DOI:10.1016/j.coi.2026.102837

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Aug 27;102:102836. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102836. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Intestinal immunity is coordinated by the spatial organization and temporal regulation of immune cells within a complex, antigen-rich environment. In this review, we discuss the latest advances in our understanding of how these two fundamental dimensions together shape intestinal immune homeostasis. We … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Aug 14;102:102835. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102835. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Multimodal artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging domain comprising a set of tools with potential clinical relevance in paediatric rheumatology, a field characterised by rare, heterogeneous diseases and diagnostic delays. This narrative review synthesises current evidence on how multimodal and fair AI … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Aug 3;102:102832. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102832. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Real-world data (RWD) from nonrandomized clinical settings, such as registries and observational cohorts, can be used to address research questions for which randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are not feasible or appropriate. However, these data are susceptible to important sources of bias, including … Read more