Current Opinion in Immunology

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Jul 24;102:102828. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102828. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) comprise approximately 8% of the human genome and were long regarded as inert remnants of ancestral retroviral infections. Increasing evidence indicates that HERVs are active genomic elements capable of influencing transcriptional programs, modulating immune responses, and contributing to … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Jul 23;102:102820. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102820. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Once considered incurable, psoriasis is now being re-evaluated in light of sustained, drug-free remissions, prompting a redefinition of ‘cure’ as long-term/drug-free remission. Psoriatic disease is primarily driven by dysregulation of the interleukin-23 (IL-23)/IL-17 axis, and the survival of tissue-resident memory T cells … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Jul 22;102:102819. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102819. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Microglia are the resident innate immune cells of the brain that play essential roles in immune surveillance, phagocytosis, and neuroinflammatory responses. A central regulator of these diverse functions is intracellular Ca2+ signaling, which connects extracellular cues to transcriptional and metabolic programs that … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Jul 20;102:102818. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102818. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The development of clinical trials is limited by high costs and methodological complexities. In this context, artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a key instrument for their optimization. In the early phases of study design and recruiting, generative AI systems may help … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Jul 15;102:102817. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102817. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Germline mutations in GATA2 cause a syndromic inborn error of immunity characterized by cytopenia, infections, immune dysregulation, and a marked predisposition to myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia. Initially defined by the DCML phenotype-dendritic cell, monocyte, B- and NK-cell deficiency-GATA2 deficiency is … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Jul 10;102:102816. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102816. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Antibodies are fundamental to human health but can also drive pathology. Each antibody has a molecular specificity, encoded by their clonally heritable B cell receptor (BCR). Recent advances in spatial transcriptomics coupled with repertoire sequencing have enabled capturing antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) and … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Jul 9;102:102815. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102815. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by sicca symptoms, fatigue, multiorgan involvement, and an increased risk of B-cell lymphoma. Accumulating evidence over the past decades indicates that epithelial cells are not passive targets but active drivers of disease. … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Jul 7;101:102812. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102812. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Microbial transglutaminase (mTG) is a frequently used processed food additive, and the consumption of its cross-linked complexes is rapidly expanding. Despite numerous reports concerning its public safety, it is designated as a processing aid and classified as safe for use. mTG and/or … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Jul 7;101:102811. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102811. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is not a uniform inflammatory pannus. It is a spatially organized, stage-dependent synovial immune ecosystem. Cellular cartography resolves synovitis into lymphoid, myeloid, stromal, and neuroimmune niches that track erosive disease, fibroproliferation, and pain-dominant states. Ecosystem state can differ between … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2026 Jul 6;101:102813. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2026.102813. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Ion channels are classically regarded as regulators of electrical excitability, but their role in immune activation and barrier homeostasis extends far beyond global transmembrane ion flux. This functional diversity is, among other things, the result of noncanonical signaling pathways. In this review, … Read more