Current Opinion in Immunology

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 May 12;94:102561. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102561. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) persists as a chronically progressive autoimmune disorder, notwithstanding significant advancements in early intervention and precision-targeted therapeutics. While treat-to-target paradigms and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs ameliorate clinical outcomes, sustained drug-free remission (SDFR) or even cure remains elusive, underscoring the need for … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 May 12;94:102562. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102562. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a seasonal respiratory virus that typically causes mild, flu-like symptoms. In some cases, it can lead to severe respiratory complications, such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and bronchiolitis, often requiring hospitalization. Recently, a surge in hMPV cases has been reported … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 May 10;94:102563. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102563. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin 4 receptor, has shown significant efficacy in treating atopic dermatitis (AD). However, emerging case reports indicate that it may unmask or cause cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL). This review analyzes 29 studies involving 124 patients who … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Apr 30;94:102559. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102559. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Psoriasis is a common chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease, with its pathogenesis involving genetic susceptibility, abnormal immune responses, and environmental factors. In recent years, targeted immunotherapy has become a prominent treatment approach. Various drugs targeting cytokines, such as interleukin-17, interleukin-23, and tumor … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Apr 18;94:102557. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102557. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Adaptive immunity towards self-antigens (autoimmunity) and intestinal commensal microbiota is a key feature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Considering mucosal adaptive immunity from a holobiont perspective, where the host and its microbiome form a single physiological unit, emphasises the challenge of avoiding … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Apr 15;94:102558. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102558. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The brain harbors two major macrophage populations: microglia reside within the brain parenchyma, while border-associated macrophages (BAMs) are situated at central nervous system (CNS) interfaces. BAMs can be further classified into distinct subsets based on their localization: perivascular macrophages surround blood vessels, … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Apr 11;94:102556. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102556. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Targeted immunotherapies, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), have transformed cancer treatment by significantly improving patient response and survival rates. However, ICIs could disrupt self-tolerance, inducing the development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Most irAEs are classified as autoimmune conditions mediated by ICI-activated … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Apr 9;94:102555. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102555. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the joints that can affect individuals at any age of life. While involvement of the immune system in RA has long been clear, current treatments remain limited to interventions that broadly suppress immune … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Apr 3;94:102554. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102554. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Autoimmune diseases arise when self-antigen-specific T and B cells escape central and peripheral mechanisms of tolerance. One such mechanism is control of autoreactivity by regulatory T cells (Tregs), which have an essential role in suppressing autoimmunity. Consequently, there is significant interest in … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Apr 1;94:102553. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102553. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from T cell-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, requiring lifelong insulin therapy and glycemic monitoring. While genetic risk, particularly HLA class II, is well established, rising T1D incidence and earlier onset suggest environmental modifiers. Mouse models show that … Read more