Current Opinion in Immunology

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Mar 25;94:102552. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102552. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Given the growing evidence linking microglia to the onset and progression of various neurodegenerative diseases, these brain-resident macrophages have emerged as a promising cell type for targeted therapeutic interventions. This review highlights recent studies that utilized innovative, microglia-focused strategies for the treatment … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Feb 27;94:102538. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102538. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Allergic diseases, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies, are driven by dysregulated immune responses, often involving IgE-mediated mast cell and basophil activation, Th2 inflammation, and epithelial dysfunction. While environmental factors are well-known contributors, the genetic components underpinning these conditions … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Feb 27;93:102539. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102539. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Activation of autoreactive B cells and production of specific autoantibodies are hallmark features of many autoimmune diseases. B cell differentiation into antibody-secreting cells typically requires help from cognate T cells, which provide both cytokines and cell surface signals in an intricate intercellular … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Feb 27;93:102543. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102543. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Many autoimmune diseases exhibit a strong female bias. While sex hormones may influence sex bias in disease, recent studies suggest that the X chromosome itself directly contributes to female-biased susceptibility to autoimmunity. Females with two X chromosomes utilize X Chromosome Inactivation (XCI) … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Feb 27;93:102542. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102542. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells recognize microbial riboflavin metabolites presented by MR1, a major histocompatibility complex class I-like protein. Activated MAIT cells produce cytokines such as interferon gamma (IFNγ), tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin-17; they traffic to sites of infection and participate … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Feb 27;93:102540. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102540. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT During brain inflammation, rigorous regulation of brain-body communication is required for sufficient, but not excessive, immune activation. As a crucial neuroimmune interface, the choroid plexus (ChP) epithelium serves as both a physical barrier between blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and a gateway … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Feb 26;93:102537. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102537. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Immunotherapy has achieved remarkable advances in cancer treatment by harnessing the immune system to combat tumors, yet its effectiveness remains inconsistent across patients and tumor types. The microbiota, a diverse assemblage of microorganisms residing at host barrier surfaces, is pivotal in shaping … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Feb 26;93:102541. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102541. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The nervous system, like the immune system, constantly interfaces with the environment, encountering threats, including pathogens. Recent discoveries reveal an emerging role for sensory neurons in host defense and immunity. Sensory neurons detect infections either by directly sensing microbial signals or through … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Feb 5;93:102536. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102536. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Tissues deliver not only antigens and cells via afferent lymphatics to draining lymph nodes during immune responses but also deliver soluble molecules that reflect the state of the tissue. In autoimmune diseases, these signals from affected tissues can potentially impact the magnitude … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Jan 30;93:102535. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102535. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The key role of nucleic acid sensing receptors in the development of autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases is becoming increasingly apparent. Activation of these sensors has been attributed to the failure of professional scavenger cells to adequately clear cell debris, in many cases … Read more