European Journal of Immunology

European Journal of Immunology, Volume 56, Issue 7, July 2026.

Our cover features images related to flow cytometry techniques widely used for analysis of function and phenotypes of major human and murine immune cell subsets, superimposed on a multidimensional immune cell population scatter plot. These images are taken from the third edition of EJI’s Flow Cytometry Guidelines by Cossarizza et al., a comprehensive resource prepared … Read more

Excessive complement activation is implicated in a broad range of diseases. Therapeutic approaches targeting the complement cascade, from pathway-selective inhibition to terminal blockade, can effectively control disease activity. However, increasing degrees of complement inhibition are associated with a heightened susceptibility to bacterial, viral, and fungal infections, with encapsulated bacteria at the highest risk (Neisseria meningitidis, … Read more

Naïve T cells against islet neoantigen exist in peripheral blood that can be primed ex vivo to become regulatory T cells despite the high immunogenic potential of neoantigen. These neoantigen-induced Tregs show complete suppressive capacity and phenotype indistinguishable from autoantigen-induced Tregs. Created in BioRender (2026). ABSTRACT Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from T cell-mediated destruction … Read more

Removal of Fc-fragments from human IgG or Fc-fused proteins. (1) IgG or Fc-fusion proteins are incubated with IdeS-Fc; (2) Fc fragments are retained using protein G agarose beads; and (3) the F(ab’)2 fragments or Fc-free proteins are collected by centrifugation in the original buffer without IdeS contamination.

European Journal of Immunology, Volume 56, Issue S1, June 2026.

Ex vivo characterization of antigen-specific CD8 T cells is crucial but often limited by expansion bottlenecks. We identify p16INK4A as a key regulator of TCR-dependent and homeostatic proliferation. CRISPR/Cas9 deletion of CDKN2A rescues proliferation and improves IFN-γ secretion while maintaining TCR-dependency, enabling robust expansion for functional characterization and clinical applications. ABSTRACT The possibility of enhancing … Read more

JN.1 vaccination induced strong, cross-reactive CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses and markedly boosted neutralizing antibodies, especially against omicron variants. Influenza vaccine coadministration did not impair immunogenicity. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with higher baseline and postvaccine neutralizing activity, while cellular responses remained unaffected by infection history. ABSTRACT The continuous evolution of SARS-CoV-2 raises concerns about … Read more

Complement activation links acute traumatic brain injury to chronic neuroinflammation, maladaptive synaptic pruning, and progressive cognitive decline. These findings support targeted complement inhibition, particularly at the level of C3, as a promising strategy to preserve synaptic integrity and reduce long-term neurodegenerative sequelae after TBI. ABSTRACT Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is increasingly recognized not only as … Read more

Complement therapeutics have expanded considerably, but systemic inhibitors remain limited by infection risks, breakthrough events, and loss of physiological functions. Emerging targeted approaches aim for organ-, tissue-, or cell-specific modulation of complement activity, potentially offering greater precision while reducing treatment burden and preserving beneficial complement functions. ABSTRACT The landscape of complement therapeutics has significantly broadened … Read more