Frontiers in Immunology
Differences in F pocket impact on HLA I genetic associations with autoimmune diabetes
IntroductionHuman leukocyte antigen (HLA) I molecules present antigenic peptides to activate CD8+ T cells. Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is an auto-immune disease caused by aberrant activation of the CD8+ T cells that destroy insulin-producing pancreatic β cel…
Advances in the mechanism of inflammasomes activation in herpes virus infection
Herpesviruses, prevalent DNA viruses with a double-stranded structure, establish enduring infections and play a part in various diseases. Despite their deployment of multiple tactics to evade the immune system, both localized and systemic inflammatory …
Regulatory SVA retrotransposons and classical HLA genotyped-transcripts associated with Parkinson’s disease
IntroductionParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative and polygenic disorder characterised by the progressive loss of neural dopamine and onset of movement disorders. We previously described eight SINE-VNTR-Alu (SVA) retrotransposon-insertion-pol…
Non-invasive prediction for pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in lung cancer using CT-based deep learning: a multicenter study
Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy has revolutionized the therapeutic strategy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and identifying candidates likely responding to this advanced treatment is of important clinical significance. The current multi-institut…
Immunostimulation of Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) blood cells by parapoxvirus ovis and CpG motif-containing bacterial plasmid DNA upregulates innate immune gene expression
The immune system of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) is poorly studied, compared to that of livestock, rodents or humans. The innate immune response has become a focus of interest in relation to Elephant endotheliotropic herpesviruses (EEHVs). EEHVs …
Is the exquisite specificity of lymphocytes generated by thymic selection or due to evolution?
We have previously argued that the antigen receptors of T and B lymphocytes evolved to be sufficiently specific to avoid massive deletion of clonotypes by negative selection. Their optimal ‘specificity’ level, i.e., probability of binding any particula…
IL-22 signaling promotes sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma via STAT3/CD155 signaling axis
IntroductionSorafenib is currently the first-line treatment for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nevertheless, sorafenib resistance remains a huge challenge in the clinic. Therefore, it is urgent to elucidate the mechanisms underl…
Case report: unprecedented case of infantile cerebral infarction following COVID-19 and favorable outcome
The 2019 novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, was highly prevalent in China as of December 2022, causing a range of symptoms, predominantly affecting the respiratory tract. While SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is generally mild, severe cases, especially in…
Role of microRNAs in host defense against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection: a hidden front line
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most globally devastating viruses threatening the swine industry worldwide. Substantial advancements have been achieved in recent years towards comprehending the pathogenesis of …