Co-formulation of the rF1V plague vaccine with depot-formulated cytokines enhances immunogenicity and efficacy to elicit protective responses against aerosol challenge in mice

This study evaluated a depot-formulated cytokine-based adjuvant to improve the efficacy of the recombinant F1V (rF1V) plague vaccine and examined the protective response following aerosol challenge in a murine model. The results of this study showed th…

High frequencies of alpha common cold coronavirus/SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive functional CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells are associated with protection from symptomatic and fatal SARS-CoV-2 infections in unvaccinated COVID-19 patients

BackgroundCross-reactive SARS-CoV-2-specific memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are present in up to 50% of unexposed, pre-pandemic, healthy individuals (UPPHIs). However, the characteristics of cross-reactive memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells associated with sub…

The expression of CTLA-4 in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis patients and blocking CTLA-4 to reverse T cell exhaustion in Echinococcus multilocularis-infected mice

Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the infection of Echinococcus multilocularis (E. multilocularis) larvae. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) produces inhibitory signals and induces T cell exhaustion, thereby…

Efficacy and safety of BVAC-C in HPV type 16- or 18–positive cervical carcinoma who failed 1st platinum-based chemotherapy: a phase I/IIa study

BackgroundBVAC-C, a B cell– and monocyte-based immunotherapeutic vaccine transfected with recombinant HPV E6/E7, was well tolerated in HPV–positive recurrent cervical carcinoma patients in a phase I study. This phase IIa study investigates the antitumo…

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