A 64-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for sudden weakness in one of her left limbs. The patient was diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke (IS) of undetermined cause and received intravenous thrombolysis. Following thrombolysis, the patient’s …
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), a human-restricted pathogen, invades the host through the gut to cause typhoid fever. Recent calculations of the typhoid fever burden estimated that more than 10 million new typhoid fever cases occur in low…
IntroductionImmune checkpoint blockade (ICB) with or without chemotherapy has a very modest benefit in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). SCLC tumors are characterized by high tumor mutation burden (TMB) and low PD-L1 expression. Therefore, T…
Background/IntroductionAdipose tissue (AT) has been highlighted as a promising reservoir of infection for viruses, bacteria and parasites. Among them is Trypanosoma cruzi, which causes Chagas disease. The recommended treatment for the disease in Brazil…
BackgroundOzanimod (RPC1063) is an immunomodulator that has been recently approved by the FDA (2020) for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). It is a selective agonist of the sphingosine-1-phophate receptors 1 and 5, expresse…
The gut-lung axis is critical during viral respiratory infections such as influenza. Gut dysbiosis during infection translates into a massive drop of microbially produced short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Among them, butyrate is important during influen…
BackgroundThe implementation of mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 has successfully validated the safety and efficacy of the platform, while at the same time revealing the potential for their applications against other infectious diseases. Traditional seas…
5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA) is a mouse-selective stimulator of interferon gene (STING) agonist exerting STING-dependent anti-tumor activity. Although DMXAA cannot fully activate human STING, DMXAA reached phase III in lung cancer clini…
Development of T cell receptors (TCRs) as immunotherapeutics is hindered by inherent TCR cross-reactivity. Engineering more specific TCRs has proven challenging, as unlike antibodies, improving TCR affinity does not usually improve specificity. Althoug…
BackgroundThe emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has raised concerns about the sustainability of vaccine-induced immunity. Little is known about the long-term humoral responses and spike-specific T cell memory to Omicron variants, with specific attention…
