It is unclear why the surface of the skin, which constantly encounters pro-inflammatory stimuli, is not always inflamed. Liu et al. show that as differentiated keratinocytes migrate toward the surface of the skin, they turn off the expression of patter…
Identifying human T cells that have recently emigrated from the thymus remains problematic. Here, Bohacova et al. categorize recent thymic emigrants with high CD38 expression as their universal surface marker. Additionally, they explore the transcripti…
How p53 modulates the immune landscape for immune escape remains elusive. Nian et al. report that p53 inactivation results in IL-34 secretion by CSCs, and IL-34-CD36-axis-orchestrated TAMs promote tumor immune escape by suppressing T cell-mediated anti…
Liver macrophages, including Kupffer cells and monocyte-derived macrophages, play diverse roles in liver diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying their differentiation and functions in MASLD/MASH are not well understood. Guo et al. reveal that Notc…
Antibodies that protect us from pathogens also influence how the immune system responds to infection or vaccination. Dvorscek et al. reveal a mechanistic framework of how antibodies can optimize protective immunity, regulating B cell response participa…
Insight into how the immune system recognizes and responds to pathogens had led to landmark advances in biology and medicine in the last decades. This year’s Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research honors Zhijian “James” Chen for the discovery o…
TIR-domain proteins with enzymatic activity are essential for immunity across the tree of life. Tse-Kang et al. show that C. elegans TIR-1 is a guard protein in an effector-triggered immune response, which enables intestinal epithelial cells to survey …
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) using in vitro expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can be curative in melanoma but has inconsistent clinical responses. Chiffelle, Barras, et al. track TIL clonotypes in melanoma patients through ACT therapy and p…
Chronic inflammation is considered a hallmark of aging. In a recent issue of Nature, Widjaja et al. examined genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of interleukin (IL)-11 on aging pathology and found that inhibiting IL-11 signaling increases lifespan and…
Our brain is not an immune-privileged island isolated from peripheries, but how non-neuronal brain cells interact with the peripheral system is not well understood. Wei et al. report that microglia in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) with…
