Multilayered gene regulation orchestrates cell-type-specific cytokine expression. Liu et al. examine the impact of chromatin loop formation on the expression of IFN-γ and IL-22, which are cytokine loci closely located in the genome, and identify an ind…
TLR7 is critical for recognizing RNA virus infection and initiating antiviral responses. Bérouti et al. demonstrate how RNase T2 and PLD exonucleases generate RNA fragments for TLR7 activation, thus providing insights into immune recognition of exogeno…
Regulatory T (Treg) cells in epidydimal visceral adipose tissue (eVAT) regulate metabolic homeostasis. Wang et al. identify a distinct compartment of eVAT-Treg cells that rein in the differentiation of adipocytes from stromal progenitors via the molecu…
In skin injury, the inflammatory environment can impact repair mediated by skin stem cells. Luan, Truong, Vuchkovska, et al. show that hair follicle stem cells migrate into the wound, activate immune-modulatory molecules, and expand extrathymic regulat…
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) play critical roles in gut homeostasis. Das et al. show that transcription factor Tox2 is required by ILC3 to metabolically adapt to the gut environment. They identify interleukin (IL)-17 as an important signal that…
Differences in glycosylation prevent antibodies from widely engaging the otherwise conserved hemagglutinin (HA) stem of influenza A viruses (IAVs). Ray et al. deploy a humanized mouse to elicit a broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) response that resul…
Cholesterol increases macrophage-mediated inflammation, but how oxysterols control tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) remains unclear. Xiao et al. show that TAMs exhibit elevated expression of CH25H, resulting in lysosome-accumulated 25HC that activat…
Signaling via Notch receptors intrinsically regulates tumor cells, promoting tumor progression. Mandula et al. examine the impact of Notch ligands on cancer cells on anti-tumor immunity in lung cancer and find that deletion of Jagged2 promotes expansio…
Cis-regulatory elements and trans-acting factors coordinate to regulate T helper cell differentiation. Liu et al. characterize the histone modification and chromatin interaction dynamics in this process. The H3K4me1 landscape established by MLL4 in nai…
Intraepithelial mast cells (IEMCs) were first observed 105 years ago, yet their functions remain enigmatic. Yang et al. reveal that IEMCs are required for epithelial gasdermin C activation and IEMC-epithelium crosstalk constitutes a critical step in ty…
