Deep learning-based multimodal approach for non-invasive prediction and prognostic analysis of immune and angiogenic biomarkers in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
ObjectiveThis study aims to develop a deep learning (DL)-based multimodal framework that integrates magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), clinical, and laboratory data to predict programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEG…