Macrophage TRIM21 lactylation exacerbates infection-induced orchitis through enhancing STAT1-mediated CXCL9 and CXCL10 production
IntroductionInfection-induced orchitis, a leading cause of acquired male infertility affecting 8%–12% of couples globally, is driven by unresolved inflammatory responses following bacterial infection.MethodsWe employed uropathogenic Escherichia coli (U…