Background
While cancer vaccines have demonstrated promising clinical potential, their therapeutic efficacy against advanced tumors remains suboptimal, highlighting the critical need to elucidate resistance mechanisms and develop targeted solutions. W…
Background
Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has reshaped the treatment paradigm for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), yet mechanisms of resistance in non-responders remain poorly understood. Specifically, the spatial orchestration of the tumor micro…
Background
IGSF9, immunoglobulin superfamily member 9, has been reported to inhibit T cell proliferation and activation, thereby promoting tumor immune escape. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), the most abundant tumor-infiltrating immune cells, pla…
Background
Macrophages can eliminate cancer cells through phagocytosis via the CD47/signal regulatory protein α axis, which provides promising targets for cancer immunotherapy as innate immune checkpoints. Although CD47 is overexpressed in multi…
Background
Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significantly improved outcomes for patients with certain cancers, their efficacy is largely confined to “hot” tumors characterized by robust infiltration of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells. Con…
Background
Granzyme K (GZMK) is a serine protease known for its perforin-dependent cytotoxicity. However, the non-cytotoxic role of GZMK in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains largely elusive.
Methods
Multiomics datasets were integrated to investigate…
Background
Intratumoral regulatory T cells (Tregs) are associated with diminished antitumor immunity and poor prognosis in many cancers, with tumor-infiltrating effector Tregs expressing high levels of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA…
Background
Colorectal cancer often develops from adenomas over years, necessitating early intervention. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are major immune suppressive cell types in colon cancer development from adenomas through early inflammati…
Background
Tumor neoantigen vaccines typically require multiple prime-boost immunizations over several weeks or even months to elicit sufficient neoantigen-specific T-cell responses, which greatly limits their effectiveness against rapidly progressing…
Background
Immunotherapies have revolutionized cancer care in recent decades, but approved therapies often fail and currently only target specific steps in the generation of anti-cancer immune responses. Notably, the majority of approved immunotherapi…
