Anti-TIM-3 antibody TQB2618 in combination with penpulimab in relapsed or refractory classic Hodgkin lymphoma previously treated with PD-1/PD-L1 therapy: a multicenter, open-label, single-arm, phase Ib clinical trial

Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors achieve high response rates in relapsed or refractory (r/r) classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), but few treatment options are available for patients who experience failure after PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. T cell immunog…

Phase 1b study of ABBV-368, tilsotolimod, budigalimab, and nab-paclitaxel in patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Background
ABBV-368 is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the costimulatory receptor OX40. Here, we investigate a treatment strategy with ABBV-368 combined with the investigational toll-like receptor 9 agonist tilsotolimod, the programmed ce…

Simlukafusp alfa (FAP-IL2v) plus atezolizumab with or without bevacizumab in unresectable, metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a randomized, open-label phase Ib study

Background
Simlukafusp alfa (FAP-IL2v) was engineered to preferentially activate CD8+ T and natural killer (NK) cells in tumor microenvironments overexpressing fibroblast activation protein (FAP). Checkpoint inhibitors combined with antiangiogenic age…

Impact of NSAID type, initiation timing, duration and dose on clinical outcomes of immunotherapy in NSCLC: a multicenter two-cohort study

Background
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently used medications in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We comprehensively evaluated the effect of NSAID exposure patterns on immunotherapy outcomes, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and …

PD-L1-targeted PET imaging for non-invasive assessment of immunotherapy response in lung cancer

Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have improved outcomes for several malignancies; however, there remains a lack of accurate, non-invasive methods to assess tumor PD-L1 expression levels and guide immunotherapy. This study aimed to evaluate the …

Targeting SPP1+TAMs associated with liver metastasis reverses immunosuppression and synergizes with immunotherapy in colorectal cancer

Background
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are critically involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, yet their spatial and metabolic heterogeneity across primary and metastatic microenvironments remains poorly defined, limiting therapeutic d…

Phase II study of olaparib and durvalumab in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

Background
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition (PARPi) is a precision medicine strategy in advanced prostate cancer, with the greatest benefit seen in a subset of patients with homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene alterations. Combinat…

Fecal microbiota transplantation combined with anti-PD-1 therapy in refractory microsatellite-stable gastric cancer: a phase I feasibility and safety study

Background
The discovery and therapeutic application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significantly improved clinical outcomes in cancer treatment. However, the response rate is still low in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. The gut microbiome…

Phase Ib multicenter study of anti-TIM-3 (S095018/Sym023) in combination with anti-PD-1 (Sym021) in patients with advanced/metastatic recurrent biliary tract cancer

Background
T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing 3 (TIM-3) is an inhibitory receptor linked to decreased antitumor activity of immune cells. S095018 is a human anti-TIM-3 IgG2 antibody that blocks the binding of phosphatidyl serine to TIM-…

Evaluation of mixed response in tumor size and survival in patients with rare cancers treated with dual checkpoint inhibitor therapy (DART SWOG S1609)

Background
Mixed response, where different lesions within the same patient show discordant responses to treatment, remains poorly understood. To better understand the complex effects of mixed response on patient survival, we devised three different de…

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