Identification of a conserved subset of cold tumors responsive to immune checkpoint blockade

Background
The efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) depends on restoring immune recognition of cancer cells that have evaded immune surveillance. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) is associated with immune-poor, so-called cold tumors…

Transfer learning radiomic model predicts intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structures in hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter study

Background
Intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structures (iTLS) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are associated with improved survival and may influence treatment decisions. However, their non-invasive detection remains challenging in HCC. We aim to deve…

Blood TCTP as a potential biomarker associated with immunosuppressive features and poor clinical outcomes in metastatic gastric cancer

Background
No established biomarker exists for specific myeloid cell populations or in gastric cancer. This study aimed to explore the prognostic and immunological relevance of plasma translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) in patients with ad…

Machine learning identifies clinical tumor mutation landscape pathways of resistance to checkpoint inhibitor therapy in NSCLC

Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) have revolutionized cancer therapy for several tumor indications. However, a substantial fraction of patients treated with CPIs derive no benefit or have short-lived responses to CPI therapy. Identifying …

Effect of prior and first-line immunotherapy on baseline immune biomarkers and modulation of the tumor microenvironment in response to nivolumab and relatlimab combination therapy in patients with melanoma from RELATIVITY-020

Background
Some patients with melanoma experience disease progression during immunotherapy (IO) and may benefit from novel combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). We report results from exploratory biomarker analyses to characterize the r…

Effector T cells under hypoxia have an altered transcriptome similar to tumor-stressed T cells found in non-responsive melanoma patients

Background
In the tumor microenvironment (TME), hypoxia stands as a significant factor that modulates immune responses, especially those driven by T cells. As T cell-based therapies often fail to work in solid tumors, this study aims to investigate th…

Immunological biomarkers of response and resistance to treatment with cabozantinib and nivolumab in recurrent endometrial cancer

Background
Antiangiogenics combined with immune checkpoint blockade have become standard of care for recurrent endometrial cancer after standard platinum-based chemotherapy. To dissect mechanisms and define biomarkers associated with clinical outcomes…

Targeting mesothelin-CD24 axis repolarizes tumor-associated macrophages to potentiate PD-1 blockade therapy in high-grade serous ovarian cancer

Background
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is a highly aggressive malignancy marked by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that hinders effective immune responses. A key feature of this environment is the extensive infiltration of mye…

Novel post-translational modification learning signature reveals B4GALT2 as an immune exclusion regulator in lung adenocarcinoma

Background
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) presents significant challenges in prognosis and treatment efficacy evaluation. While post-translational modifications are known to influence tumor progression, their prognostic value in LUAD remains largely unexp…

Acetyltransferase NAT10 inhibits T-cell immunity and promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression through DDX5/HMGB1 axis

Background
Immunosuppression significantly contributes to treatment failure in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Messenger RNA (mRNA) modifications such as methylation and acetylation play crucial roles in immunosuppression. However, N4-acetylcytidine (…

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