Transcriptomics analysis reveals potential mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunction and T cell exhaustion in astronauts’ blood cells in space

IntroductionThe impact of spaceflight on the immune system and mitochondria has been investigated for decades. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying spaceflight-induced immune dysregulations are still unclear.MethodsIn this study, blood from ele…

Identification of novel clinical subtypes in patients with microscopic polyangiitis using cluster analysis: multicenter REVEAL cohort study

IntroductionThis study aimed to identify new clinical phenotypes of microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) using a principal components analysis (PCA)-based cluster analysis.MethodsA total of 189 patients with MPA between May 2005 and December 2021 were enroll…

Infectious outcomes of a standardized subcutaneous immunoglobulin dose reduction strategy in primary immune deficiencies amid global shortage

IntroductionImmunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT), either intravenous (IVIg) or subcutaneous (SCIg), is crucial for managing primary immune deficiencies (PIDs) with hypogammaglobulinemia by reducing infection rates and mortality. During the COVID-1…

Cordyceps militaris solid medium extract alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via regulating gut microbiota and metabolism

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common respiratory disease, Cordycepin has been reported to reduce ALI, which is an effective component in Cordyceps militaris solid medium extract (CMME). Therefore, we aimed to explore the alleviating effect and mechanism…

Ingested house dust mite favors sensitization to egg white in mice independently of its proteinase activity

BackgroundIt is well-documented that house dust mite (HDM) exposure can cause tissue damage and activate innate immune responses. However, its role in promoting gastrointestinal sensitization and allergenicity to food proteins has been relatively unexp…

Heightened expression of type I interferon signaling genes in CD4+ T cells from acutely HIV-1–infected women is associated with lower viral loads

Sex differences play a role in the pathogenesis of a number of viral diseases. In HIV-1, several studies have reported that chronically infected women have significantly lower plasma viremia than men, although the exact mechanism by which this occurs h…

TLR10 overexpression modulates immune response in A549 lung epithelial cells challenged with SARS-CoV-2 S and N proteins

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in the recognition of viral particles and activation of the innate immune system, but their role in SARS-CoV-2 infection is still poorly characterized. In the present study, we investigated the role of …

Brucella suis ΔmapB outer membrane vesicles as an acellular vaccine against systemic and mucosal B. suis infection

IntroductionSwine brucellosis, caused by Brucella suis, is a worldwide infectious zoonotic disease. Currently, there are no available human or porcine vaccines to protect against B. suis infection, which is primarily acquired through the mucosa. We rec…

Annotation and characterization of immunoglobulin loci and CDR3 polymorphism in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

IntroductionImmunoglobulin (Ig) refers to the nomenclature for all antibody proteins produced by B lymphocytes. The genetic locus encoding Ig is critical for vertebrate humoral immune responses and diverse antibody repertoires. Despite the critical rol…

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