Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 May 26;95:102570. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102570. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Our body’s mucosal surfaces interface with the external environment and are potential sites of entry for pathogens as well as noxious substances. Yet, these barrier sites are also colonized with symbiotic microbes and are in contact with harmless environmental antigens. Different barrier … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 May 26;95:102566. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102566. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Mitochondrial diseases (MtD) provide a unique window into the complex interplay between metabolism and immune function. These rare disorders, caused by defects in oxidative phosphorylation, result in bioenergetic deficiencies that disrupt multiple organ systems. While traditionally studied for their metabolic impact, MtD … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 May 24;95:102565. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102565. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis are well-defined autoimmune liver diseases, the pathophysiology of which remains enigmatic. While major therapeutic advances have been achieved for many other autoimmune diseases, precision therapy for these diseases has lagged. For example, limited … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 May 22;95:102567. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102567. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 has been implicated in the onset of multiple, seemingly unrelated, autoimmune diseases. The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 has also been implicated in the unmasking and/or production of multiple autoantibodies, even in the absence of clinical disease. Despite … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 May 20;95:102564. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102564. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), recognized as a novel clinical entity, is a rare, chronic, immune-mediated systemic fibroinflammatory disorder of unknown origin with either synchronous or metachronous multi-organ involvement. Although the pathogenic mechanism remains unclear, possible multipathogenic factors such as genetic backgrounds, disease-specific or … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 May 15;95:102560. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102560. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted an unprecedented global response. In particular, extraordinary efforts have been dedicated toward monitoring and predicting variant emergence due to its huge impact, particularly for vaccine escape. Broadly, we classify such methods into two categories: forward mutation prediction, … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 May 12;94:102561. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102561. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) persists as a chronically progressive autoimmune disorder, notwithstanding significant advancements in early intervention and precision-targeted therapeutics. While treat-to-target paradigms and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs ameliorate clinical outcomes, sustained drug-free remission (SDFR) or even cure remains elusive, underscoring the need for … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 May 12;94:102562. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102562. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a seasonal respiratory virus that typically causes mild, flu-like symptoms. In some cases, it can lead to severe respiratory complications, such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and bronchiolitis, often requiring hospitalization. Recently, a surge in hMPV cases has been reported … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 May 10;94:102563. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102563. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin 4 receptor, has shown significant efficacy in treating atopic dermatitis (AD). However, emerging case reports indicate that it may unmask or cause cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL). This review analyzes 29 studies involving 124 patients who … Read more

Curr Opin Immunol. 2025 Apr 30;94:102559. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2025.102559. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Psoriasis is a common chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease, with its pathogenesis involving genetic susceptibility, abnormal immune responses, and environmental factors. In recent years, targeted immunotherapy has become a prominent treatment approach. Various drugs targeting cytokines, such as interleukin-17, interleukin-23, and tumor … Read more