European Journal of Immunology

Meningeal Immunity: Anatomy, Function, and Neonatal Unique Features. [[{“value”:”Inês Lorga, Elva Bonifácio Andrade”}]]

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This review explores the structure and function of meningeal immunity throughout development. It highlights key differences in immune cell composition, lymphatic development, and neuroimmune interactions between neonates and adults, offering insights into neonatal vulnerability to CNS infections and potential avenues for future research. ABSTRACT The central nervous system (CNS) is responsible for controlling the entire … Read more

The Complex Role of CD8+ T Cells in Placental HIV Infection. [[{“value”:”Kimberly Peta, Mushi Matjila, Nadia Ikumi”}]]

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CD8+ T cells exhibit dual roles at the maternal-fetal interface supporting tolerance via IL-10 and TGF-β and aiding implantation and vascular remodeling through TNF-α and IFN-γ. In HIV infection, CD8+ T cells expand, driving inflammation, PD-L1 upregulation on trophoblasts, and cytotoxic dysfunction via reduced Granzyme B and Perforin, compromising placental immunity. ABSTRACT The global HIV … Read more

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 9 in Human Leukocytes: Novel Inhibitors Induce Caspase‐1‐ and Gasdermin‐Dependent Cell Death. [[{“value”:”Joni De Loose, Kathleen Mertens, Nicolò Filippi, Sam Corthaut, Siham Benramdane, Yani Sim, Yentl Van Rymenant, Karen Claesen, Gwendolyn Vliegen, Maya Berg, Tiphanie Gomard, Guy Caljon, Isabel Pintelon, Pieter Van Der Veken, Ingrid De Meester”}]]

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Dipeptidyl peptidase 9 (DPP9) inhibition with novel compounds induces lytic cell death in human leukocytes. We report that this cell death occurs via DPP9, inflammasome-activated caspase-1, GSDMD, and GSDME. Additionally, DPP8/9 activity is upregulated in monocyte-to-dendritic cell differentiation and DPP9 localizes both to the cytoplasm and the nucleus in leukocytes. ABSTRACT Dipeptidyl peptidase 9 (DPP9) … Read more

Origin of Hypofunctional CD103+ NK Cells in Cirrhosis‐Associated Ascites. [[{“value”:”Christian Niehaus, Daniel Geanon, Ayesha Lietzau, Marija Jankovic, Christopher Maucourant, Benjamin Maasoumy, Ernesto Sparrelid, Heiner Wedemeyer, Julia Kahlhöfer, Christine S. Falk, Itzel Medina Andrade, Andrea Ponzetta, Niklas K. Björkström, Anke R.M. Kraft, Markus Cornberg, Benedikt Strunz”}]]

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Ascites is one hallmark of decompensated liver cirrhosis. NK cells in cirrhosis-associated ascites are a heterogeneous group of cells with altered functionality and CD103 expression identifies a subpopulation that is likely to be induced by cytokines present in the ascites fluid. ABSTRACT The occurrence of ascites is a frequent complication associated with the decompensation of … Read more

Comparative Analysis of the TCR Repertoire in Bone Marrow CD8+ T Cells From Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Myelodysplastic Neoplasms, and Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia. [[{“value”:”Kyriaki Katsiki, Athanasios Tasis, Anastasia Filia, Ioannis Kotsianidis, Ioannis Mitroulis”}]]

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Bone marrow CD8+ T cells from patients with MDS and CMML show decreased TCR diversity compared to AML. Treatment with the hypomethylating agent azacitidine in MDS and CMML alters TCR repertoire of CD8+ T cells without affecting TCR diversity.

mTOR Modulates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation via Nuclear Translocation and STAT1 Inhibition. [[{“value”:”Alvaro González‐Dominguez, Shuling Zhang, Daniel Boy‐Ruiz, Daniel Connors, Raquel de la Varga‐Martínez, Beverly A. Mock, Mario D. Cordero”}]]

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mTOR is binding to NLRP3 until a NLRP3-inflammasome stimulus. After activation, mTOR is translocated to the nucleus to inhibit STAT1 and support the NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and activation. mTOR inhibition with rapamycin reduces mTOR presence in the nucleus and increases STAT1 which represses NLRP3 inhibiting the activation. ABSTRACT The NLRP3 inflammasome has emerged as an … Read more

Butyrate Selectively Targets Super‐Enhancers and Transcriptional Networks Associated with Human Mast Cell Function. [[{“value”:”Jelle Folkerts, Marjolein J. W. de Bruijn, Wilfred F. J. van IJcken, Rudi W. Hendriks, Ralph Stadhouders”}]]

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Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) derived from dietary fibers, selectively inhibits human mast cell activation by targeting transcription start sites (TSS) and super-enhancers regulating key mast cell genes. Local histone hypoacetylation induced by butyrate likely drives transcriptional suppression and reduced degranulation, providing new insights into how SCFA modulates inflammation. ABSTRACT Mast cells are key … Read more

Cover Story: Eur. J. Immunol. 6’25.

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Our cover features images related to flow cytometry techniques widely used for analysis of function and phenotypes of major human and murine immune cell subsets, superimposed on a multidimensional immune cell population scatter plot. These images are taken from the third edition of EJI’s Flow Cytometry Guidelines by Cossarizza et al., a comprehensive resource prepared … Read more

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