European Journal of Immunology

IL‐17A‐producing γδ T cells: A novel target in stroke immunotherapy. [[{“value”:”Marius Piepke, Alina Jander, Nicola Gagliani, Mathias Gelderblom”}]]

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In stroke, γδ T cells orchestrate the postischemic immune response in the CNS through their IL-17A production. Notably, the intestinal microbiota and the diet influence IL-17A levels in γδ T cells, offering the potential to modulate γδ17 T cells in the postischemic CNS and to improve stroke outcome. Abstract The activation of the immune system … Read more

Bridging the gap: Insights in the immunopathology of Lyme borreliosis. [[{“value”:”Marijn E. Snik, Noor E.I.M. Stouthamer, Joppe W. Hovius, Melissa M.J. van Gool”}]]

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Lyme borreliosis is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato transmitted by Ixodes ticks. The disease progresses from early localized infection to more severe conditions driven by ongoing inflammation. Understanding the role of Th1/Th2 balance, B-cell dysfunction, and autoimmunity in Lyme borreliosis pathogenesis could improve diagnosis and treatment strategies. Abstract Lyme borreliosis (LB), caused by Borrelia … Read more

PP2A catalytic subunit alpha is critically required for CD8+ T‐cell homeostasis and antibacterial responses. [[{“value”:”Xian Zhou, Meilu Li, Minji Ai, Yanfeng Li, Xingxing Zhu, Michael J. Hansen, Jun Zhong, Kenneth L. Johnson, Roman Zenka, Akhilesh Pandey, Larry R. Pease, Hu Zeng”}]]

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Graphical Abstract: Using a genetic model lacking PP2A catalytic subunit alpha (PP2A Cα) specifically in T cells, we demonstrated that PP2A Cα is essential for maintaining CD8+ T-cell homeostasis and for their antibacterial response. Proteomics analyses revealed multiple pathways regulated by PP2A Cα, including mTORC1, PI3K/AKT, and Jak-STAT5. Abstract Although the functions of tyrosine phosphatases … Read more

CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein α‐dependent regulation of granule formation in mast cells by intestinal bacteria. [[{“value”:”Ayaka Iketani, Mai Takano, Kazumi Kasakura, Miono Iwatsuki, Ayu Tsuji, Kou Matsuda, Remina Minegishi, Akira Hosono, Yusuke Nakanishi, Kyoko Takahashi”}]]

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Specific gut microbes suppress granule formation in mast cells by inhibiting serglycin (SRGN) and mast cell protease 4 (Mcpt4) expression via reduced C/EBPα gene methylation, which leads to reduced histamine release. These mechanisms may play a part of antiallergic effects of gut microbiota. Abstract The antiallergic effects of gut microbiota have been attracting attention in … Read more

TGF‐β1 impairs IgA class switch recombination and production in porcine Peyer’s patches B cells. [[{“value”:”Caiying Wang, Yue Zhang, Yabin Lu, Xin Huang, Huazheng Jiang, Guohui Chen, Yongheng Shao, Huub F.J. Savelkoul, Christine A. Jansen, Guangliang Liu”}]]

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By analyzing the downstream signaling pathways in IgM+ B cells isolated from porcine Peyer’s patches after exogenous TGF-β1 stimulation, we found that TGF-β1 reduces IgA CSR and production in pigs by inhibiting the phosphorylation of p38-MAPK, which may be related to the regulation of TGF-β1 on B-cell activation. Abstract Secretory IgA is crucial for preventing … Read more

Med1 controls thymic T‐cell migration into lymph node through enhancer‐based Foxo1‐Klf2 transcription program. [[{“value”:”Ning Yuan, Yanhong Su, Yang Gao, Biao Yang, Tianzhe Zhang, Qianhao Wang, Dan Zhang, Lin Shi, Anjun Jiao, Lei Lei, Lina Sun, Baojun Zhang”}]]

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(1) Med1 deletion in T cells leads to impaired egress of thymic single-positive cells. (2) Med1 deletion impairs mature T cells’ ability to enter lymph nodes. (3) Med1 promotes Klf2 transcription through facilitating Foxo1 binding to the Klf2 enhancer. Abstract The migration is the key step for thymic T cells to enter circulation and then … Read more

Immune response to cold exposure: Role of γδ T cells and TLR2‐mediated inflammation. [[{“value”:”Daniel Vasek, Peter Holicek, Frantisek Galatik, Anna Kratochvilova, Bianka Porubska, Veronika Somova, Natalie Fikarova, Michaela Hajkova, Martin Prevorovsky, Jitka M Zurmanova, Magdalena Krulova”}]]

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Our study investigates how short-term and long-term mild cold exposure in rats and regular cold swimmers influences immune response and thermogenesis, highlighting the crucial role of γδ T cells under physiological conditions and TLR2-mediated inflammation. These findings advance our understanding of the complex interactions between thermogenesis, neural signaling, and immune regulation. Abstract The mammalian body … Read more

Tridecylcyclohexane in incomplete Freund’s adjuvant is a critical component in inducing experimental autoimmune diseases. [[{“value”:”Norifumi Iijima, Tomoya Hayashi, Masaaki Niino, Yoichi Miyamoto, Masahiro Oka, Ken J Ishii”}]]

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Autoantigen and heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis emulsified in incomplete Freund’s adjuvant (IFA) are capable of inducing numerous autoimmune diseases in animal models. However, the role of IFA components in triggering these diseases remains unknown. In this study, the emulsification with tridecylcyclohexane was critical for the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases in mice. Abstract Incomplete Freund’s adjuvant (IFA) … Read more

RAG1/2 induces double‐stranded DNA breaks at non‐Ig loci in the proximity of single sequence repeats in developing B cells. [[{“value”:”Katarina Ochodnicka‐Mackovicova, Michal Mokry, Martin Haagmans, Ted E. Bradley, Carel J.M. van Noesel, Jeroen E.J. Guikema”}]]

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RAG1/2 endonuclease induces off-target DNA breaks in developing B cells, highlighting its genotoxic potential beyond the immunoglobulin loci. This genome-wide study in mouse pre-B cells identifies RAG1/2-dependent DSBs and uncovers their predominant association with GA and CA dinucleotide repeats and GC-rich motifs, providing new insights into RAG1/2-targeting. Abstract In developing B cells, V(D)J gene recombination … Read more

Regulation of IFN‐γ production by ZFP36L2 in T cells is time‐dependent. [[{“value”:”Nordin D. Zandhuis, Aurélie Guislain, Abeera Popalzij, Sander Engels, Branka Popović, Martin Turner, Monika C. Wolkers”}]]

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We uncovered a novel time-dependent role for the RNA-binding protein ZFP36L2 in regulating IFN-γ production. ZFP36L2 was redundant in regulating cytokine production during early T-cell activation. However, upon continued T-cell activation, ZFP36L2 dampens the production of IFN-γ by binding to AU-rich elements in the 3ʹUTR and promoting mRNA degradation. Abstract CD8+ T cells kill target … Read more

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