European Journal of Immunology

Immunological and Clinical Markers of Post‐acute Sequelae of COVID‐19: Insights from Mild and Severe Cases 6 Months Post‐infection. [[{“value”:”William Mouton, Sophia Djebali, Marine Villard, Omran Allatif, Cécile Chauvel, Sarah Benezech, Philippe Vanhems, Jacqueline Marvel, Thierry Walzer, Sophie Trouillet‐Assant”}]]

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In this study of 458 patients post-COVID-19, nearly half developed postacute sequelae (PASC). While humoral and inflammatory markers were tied to COVID-19 severity, not PASC itself, individuals with PASC showed distinct T cell alterations, especially terminally differentiated, SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cells. A machine learning model identified T cell phenotypes as key PASC predictors. ABSTRACT Post-acute … Read more

Acellular Pertussis Vaccines Induce CD8+ and CD4+ Regulatory T Cells That Suppress Protective Tissue‐Resident Memory CD4+ T Cells, in Part via IL‐10. [[{“value”:”Caitlín Ní Chasaide, Pauline Schmitt, Béré K. Diallo, Lisa Borkner, Charlotte M. Leane, Seyed Davoud Jazayeri, Sreeram Udayan, Eoin O’Neill, Lucy M. Curham, Barry Moran, Mieszko M. Wilk, Kingston H. G. Mills”}]]

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The authors demonstrate that current aP vaccines induce IL-10-secreting CD4+ and CD8+ Treg cells that suppress IL-17-secreting respiratory tissue-resident memory (TRM) cells, and thereby fail to prevent nasal infection with B. pertussis. Blocking IL-10R in vivo or adding a novel adjuvant LP-GMP and intranasal delivery reverses suppression and enhances vaccine efficacy. Created with BioRender.com. ABSTRACT … Read more

γδ T Cells and Inborn Errors of Immunity. [[{“value”:”Sagar, Stephan Ehl”}]]

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This review examines inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) affecting γδ T cells, focusing on conditions that lead to their altered balance with αβ T cells. It highlights key molecular players and species differences in human and mouse models, offering insights into γδ T cell development and function with potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications. ABSTRACT Gamma … Read more

Remote Force Modulation of the T‐Cell Receptor Reveals an NFAT‐Threshold for CD4+ T‐Cell Activation. [[{“value”:”Joseph Clarke, Jeremy Pike, David Bending, Dylan Owen, David C. Wraith, Alicia J. El Haj”}]]

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Utilising a remote force application platform, MICA, we identify that force application to the TCR-CD3 complex using anti-CD3ε functionalised magnetic nanoparticles is capable of inducing TCR signalling and CD4+ T-cell activation. Force application promotes cell surface TCR clustering, triggering T-cell activation through NFAT-pathway signal accumulation. ABSTRACT Mechano-modulation of cell surface proteins to influence cell activation … Read more

Biological Sex Influences Human Bystander CD8+ T Cell Activation. [[{“value”:”Elizabeth Balint, Marie Joe Adaimy, Amelia Montemarano, Ana L. Portillo, Ali A. Ashkar”}]]

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CD8+ T cells isolated from male donors exhibit greater IL-15–driven bystander activation, NKG2D expression, and cytotoxicity than female CD8+ cells. This study reveals a sex-based difference in innate-like T cell function that may contribute to worse viral disease outcomes in males. ABSTRACT The recent COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted a significant sex bias in disease outcome, … Read more

The Frequency but not the Phenotype of Circulating Peripheral T Helper Cells is Increased at Later Stages of Progression to Type 1 Diabetes. [[{“value”:”Anna‐Mari Schroderus, Andrea Hanel, Céline Vandamme, Viola Pitkänen, Marja Rytkönen‐Nissinen, Merja Heinäniemi, Mikael Knip, Riitta Veijola, Jorma Toppari, Jorma Ilonen, Johanna Lempainen, Tuure Kinnunen”}]]

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Frequencies of circulating T peripheral helper (cTph) and activated T follicular helper (cTfh) cells increase close to the diagnosis of clinical type 1 diabetes, but not at the onset of autoimmunity. Single-cell analysis reveals cTph as a heterogeneous cell population, sharing features both with cTfh and other memory T cells. ABSTRACT Circulating follicular (cTfh) and … Read more

NKG7 is a Stable Marker of Cytotoxicity Across Immune Contexts and Within the Tumor Microenvironment. [[{“value”:”Roberta Turiello, Susanna S. Ng, Elisabeth Tan, Gemma van der Voort, Nazhifah Salim, Michelle C. R. Yong, Malika Khassenova, Johannes Oldenburg, Heiko Rühl, Jan Hasenauer, Laura Surace, Marieta Toma, Tobias Bald, Michael Hölzel, Dillon Corvino”}]]

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Cytotoxicity-associated genes exhibit heterogeneity at the cellular and tissue levels (left). NKG7 gene expression is strongly associated with a cytotoxic gene signature (middle). NKG7 expression is stable and consistently detected in cells across immunologically relevant tissues and within tumor-infiltrating immune cells (right). Figure generated in collaboration with Susan Stone (https://www.sue-stone.com). ABSTRACT Cytotoxicity is a cornerstone … Read more

Narrowing Down Key Players in Autoimmunity via Single‐Cell Multiomics. [[{“value”:”Altea Gjurgjaj, Cecilia Domínguez Conde”}]]

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This review explores how single-cell sequencing and multiomics reveal cell states and communication networks involved in autoimmunity. We highlight insights into antigen specificity and autoreactive lymphocytes, uncovering mechanisms like molecular mimicry. We discuss genetic susceptibility loci in healthy and disease tissues and the challenges and opportunities in integrating different approaches to better understand autoimmune disease. … Read more

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