Prophylactic Inhaled Pattern Recognition Receptor Agonists Reprogram Lung Epithelial Response and Prevent Type 2 Allergic Inflammation. [[{“value”:”Mbaya Ntita, Celine Shuet Lin Kong, Dalia Hassan, Richa Nayak, Jezreel Pantaleón García, Yongxing Wang, Jichao Chen, Scott E. Evans”}]]

Inhaled pretreatment of mouse lungs with immunomodulatory Pam2ODN results in lung epithelial cell epigenetic reprogramming that is associated with attenuation of house dust mite extract (HDM)-induced cDC2s and moDCs expansion in the lung, causing tolerance against HDM sensitization and restricting Th2-cell-induced airway eosinophilic allergic inflammation. ABSTRACT Prophylactic inhalation of the synergistic agents ODN M362 and … Read more

Cover Story: Eur. J. Immunol. 4’26.

Our cover features images related to flow cytometry techniques widely used for analysis of function and phenotypes of major human and murine immune cell subsets, superimposed on a multidimensional immune cell population scatter plot. These images are taken from the third edition of EJI’s Flow Cytometry Guidelines by Cossarizza et al., a comprehensive resource prepared … Read more

No Correlation Between Interferon Signaling and Cytosolic Mitochondrial DNA/RNA Leakage in Cultured Skin Fibroblasts of Patients With Mitochondrial Diseases. [[{“value”:”Manon Marchais, Alessandra Pennisi, Alexandre Pierga, Alice Lepelley, Nicolas Cagnard, Christine Bole, Patrick Nitschke, Mohamed Hamici, Frédéric Rieux‐Laucat, Manuel Schiff, Arnold Munnich, Agnès Rötig”}]]

Investigation of IFN signaling in cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with genetically confirmed mitochondrial diseases of diverse origins revealed that altered IFN signaling is an inconsistent feature of these disorders. Cytosolic accumulation of mtDNA and mtRNA was variably detected and showed little correlation with ISG scores. ABSTRACT Mitochondria have long been known to be involved … Read more

Going Virtual as a Memory‐Phenotype T Lymphocyte. [[{“value”:”Bin Yang, Benjamin G. Dewals”}]]

This review highlights how memory-phenotype CD8+ T lymphocytes (TMP) develop in immunologically naive hosts in the absence of non-self-antigens (Ag). We discuss the current understanding and controversies on the origin, maintenance and functions of the main populations recognized as TMP, in comparison to naive (TN) and Ag-specific true memory T cells (TTM). ABSTRACT Conventional or … Read more

Oleic Acid Promotes Treg Cell Differentiation via Autophagy Induction and Ameliorates DSS‐Induced Colitis. [[{“value”:”Minghui Xia, Yang Liu, Xiujuan Zhao, Qiuyang Du, Zijie Chen, Jing Wang, Kamran Ghoreschi, Arian Laurence, Xinxin Xiong, Junyan Zhang, Ming Zeng, Xiang‐Ping Yang”}]]

Oleic acid enhances Treg cell differentiation by inducing autophagy via AMPK activation and mTORC1 inhibition. In DSS-induced colitis, oleic acid treatment expands colonic Tregs, reduces inflammatory cytokines, and ameliorates intestinal pathology. ABSTRACT Oleic acid (OA), a monounsaturated fatty acid (FA) prevalent in olive oil and key component of Mediterranean diet, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in ulcerative … Read more

Human Systems Immunology in the Omics Era: Challenges, Methods, and Emerging Directions. [[{“value”:”Lennart Riemann, Reinhold Förster”}]]

Systems immunology provides a transformative framework for decoding human immune complexity. This review evaluates high-throughput technologies and provides a roadmap for navigating analytical challenges—such as batch effects and interindividual heterogeneity—to successfully translate multimodal data into meaningful biological insights. ABSTRACT The human immune system is a highly complex, dynamic, and heterogeneous network shaped by genetic, environmental, … Read more

Single‐Cell Profiling of Splenic Immune Ageing and Chronic Stress Adaptations in Mice With Natural Microbiota. [[{“value”:”Chinna Susan Philip, Igor Filippov, Uku Haljasorg, Pärt Peterson”}]]

Mice with natural microbiota show expected ageing spleen trends: naïve T cell loss with effector-memory expansion, mature B cell shifts, Gzmk + CD8+ T cell heterogeneity, diminished NK cytotoxicity and pro-inflammatory macrophages. Chronic stress modestly counteracted these age-related changes. Splenocyte transcriptomic atlas reveals reproducible compositional shifts and defines conserved cell-type-specific ageing signatures. ABSTRACT Immune ageing … Read more

Non‐cognate CD8 Binding to MHC I Promotes Positive Selection of an MHC‐E Restricted CD8 T Cell Population. [[{“value”:”Xiaokun Yang, Melissa A. Colden, Rachel Coombs, Kathya Arana, Dan Tran, Michael Manoharan Valerio, Ellen A. Robey, Laurent Coscoy”}]]

Mouse Qa1b-restricted T cells show promiscuous requirements for positive selection. Using in vivo tetramer enrichment, in vitro APC engineering, and in vitro thymocyte stimulation, we demonstrate that a Qa1b-restricted T cell population can be selected by both Qa1b and H2-T11, and depends on non-cognate CD8-MHC I binding. ABSTRACT MHC-E-restricted CD8 T cells are emerging as … Read more

Heterogeneous Activated B Cell Compartments Arising Early and Transiently After SARS‐CoV‐2 Vaccination. [[{“value”:”Laura Fernandez Blanco, Lisan H. Kuijper, Laura Y.L. Kummer, Niels J.M. Verstegen, Amélie Bos, Mathieu Claireaux, Mariël C. Duurland, Tineke Jorritsma, Maurice Steenhuis, Gius Kerster, Juan J. Garcia Vallejo, Marit J. van Gils, Koos P.J. van Dam, Eileen W. Stalman, Luuk Wieske, Laura Boekel, Gertjan J. Wolbink, Sander W. Tas, Theo Rispens, Taco W. Kuijpers, Filip Eftimov, Anja ten Brinke, S. Marieke van Ham, of T2B! Immunity Against SARS‐CoV‐2 Study Group”}]]

Characterization of the early antigen-specific B cell response post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination reveals novel activated B cell clusters, showing different phenotypes and contraction dynamics. Some short-lived activated B cells expressed both CD71 and the extrafollicular marker CD11c. These results advance our understanding of B-cell differentiation regulation and biomarker potential. ABSTRACT In humans, the stages and dynamics of … Read more

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