Journal of Leukocyte Biology

J Leukoc Biol. 2026 Jun 18:qiag082. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiag082. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a central regulator of cellular responses to hypoxia and plays a pivotal role in immune cell activation and functional reprogramming. This review summarizes how HIF-1α modulates inflammatory responses through metabolic regulation and examines its mechanistic involvement in autoimmune … Read more

J Leukoc Biol. 2026 Jun 16:qiag079. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiag079. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Neutrophils, the most abundant innate immune cells, act as first responders in host defense via phagocytosis, degranulation, ROS production and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) formation. Emerging evidence reveals that neutrophils are highly plastic and heterogeneous, acting as critical regulators in tumor biology. … Read more

J Leukoc Biol. 2026 Jun 13:qiag080. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiag080. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Resident memory T cells (Trm) are key mediators of protective immunity at barrier sites, yet their development during early life remains poorly defined. Here, we show that early-life oral vaccination with a heterologous rhesus rotavirus (RV) induces short-lived intestinal Trm that are … Read more

J Leukoc Biol. 2026 Jun 11:qiag077. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiag077. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (SALI) represents a life-threatening condition with complex pathophysiology. Emerging evidence highlights the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-stimulated inflammatory axis as a pivotal mechanism driving pulmonary inflammation. This narrative review elucidates how mtDNA, released upon cellular damage, acts as a potent … Read more

J Leukoc Biol. 2026 Jun 11:qiag078. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiag078. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Despite the landmark discovery of the hepatitis E virus (HEV) four decades ago and its status as the leading cause of viral hepatitis worldwide, the infection remains overlooked in numerous countries. Currently, there are no approved treatments for hepatitis E or licensed … Read more

J Leukoc Biol. 2026 Jun 10:qiag074. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiag074. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The proliferation, differentiation and survival of cells of the macrophage lineage depends on signals from the macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (CSF1R). On a C57BL/6J background homozygous kinase-dead Csf1r mutation (Csf1rE631K/E631K – E631Km/m) causes perinatal lethality. By contrast, E631Km/m mice on a mixed … Read more

J Leukoc Biol. 2026 Jun 10:qiag073. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiag073. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) is a hydrolytic enzyme with roles in xenobiotic and lipid metabolism. Our previous studies suggested a novel role for CES1 in the regulation of macrophage gene expression following exposure to inflammatory molecules. The nuclear receptor PPARγ has an important … Read more

J Leukoc Biol. 2026 Jun 5:qiag072. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiag072. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Eosinophils, cells of the innate immune system, have a unique architecture, which includes morphologically complex secretory granules and a prominent, activation-responsive vesiculotubular system. In human eosinophils, this system is collectively termed eosinophil sombrero vesicles (EoSVs) because of its peculiar morphology feasibly identifiable … Read more

J Leukoc Biol. 2026 Jun 5:qiag069. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiag069. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT People living with HIV experience an earlier risk for onset of aging-related chronic inflammatory comorbidities including cardiovascular disease. We previously showed that the proportion of macrophages was higher in the heart of older rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) with normal histopathology as well … Read more

J Leukoc Biol. 2026 Jun 4:qiag068. doi: 10.1093/jleuko/qiag068. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Glucocorticoids (GCs) are used as anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs in many immune mediated diseases, but their use in sepsis and shock is controversial. This is caused in part by a lack of information regarding the responding cell types and GC-regulated genes in … Read more